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{{Use American English|date=October 2022}}
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{{Infobox person
| name = Carolyn Bertozzi
| image = Carolyn Bertozzi by Christopher Michel in 2022 4.jpg
| caption = Bertozzi in 2022
| birth_name = Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1966|10|10}}
| birth_place = [[Boston]], Massachusetts, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| education = {{ubl|[[Harvard University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|[[University of California, Berkeley]] ([[Master of Science|MS]], [[PhD]])}}
| known_for = [[Bioorthogonal chemistry]]
| criminal_charges = Tax Evasion, Stealling a vibrator from walmart in 2007
| children = Ethan Crumbley
| relatives = [[Andrea Bertozzi]] (sister)
| awards = {{ubl|[[MacArthur Foundation Fellowship]] (1999)|[[ACS Award in Pure Chemistry]] (2001)|[[Lemelson–MIT Prize]] (2010)|[[Heinrich Wieland Prize]] (2012)|[[Wolf Prize]] (2022)|[[Dickson Prize]] (2022)|[[Welch Award in Chemistry]] (2022)|[[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] (2022)}}
| module = {{Infobox scientist
| child = yes
| fields = [[Chemistry]]
| workplaces = {{ubl|[[Stanford University]]|[[University of California, Berkeley]]|[[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]]|[[University of California, San Francisco]]}}
| doctoral_advisor = Mark D. Bednarski
| thesis_title = Synthesis and biological activity of carbon-linked glycosides
| thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304068526/
| thesis_year = 1993
| doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|
*[[Lisa Marcaurelle]]
*[[Howard Hang]]
*[[Mireille Kamariza]]
*[[Lara Mahal]]
*[[Jennifer Prescher]]<ref name=pphd>{{Cite thesis |degree=PhD|last=Prescher |first=Jennifer Ann |id={{ProQuest|305348554}} |url=https://search.library.berkeley.edu/permalink/01UCS_BER/1thfj9n/alma991016646109706532 |title=Probing Glycosylation in Living Animals with Bioorthogonal Chemistries |publisher=[[University of California, Berkeley]] |date=2006 |language=English |oclc=892833679}}</ref>}}
}}
}}
{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage= |video1= [https://www.ted.com/talks/carolyn_bertozzi_what_the_sugar_coating_on_your_cells_is_trying_to_tell_you "What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you"], TEDx Stanford |video2= [https://www.aaas.org/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1667060068 "Carolyn R. Bertozzi Wins 2022 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award"], AAAS, 10 February 2022 }}
'''Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi''' (born October 10, 1966) is an American [[chemist]] and [[Nobel Laureate in Chemistry|Nobel laureate]], known for her wide-ranging work spanning both chemistry and biology. She coined the term "[[bioorthogonal chemistry]]"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hhmi.org/scientists/carolyn-r-bertozzi|title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi|website=HHMI.org|language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref> for chemical reactions compatible with living systems. Her recent efforts include synthesis of chemical tools to study cell surface sugars called glycans and how they affect diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and viral infections like [[COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolyn Bertozzi {{!}} Department of Chemistry |url=https://chemistry.stanford.edu/people/carolyn-bertozzi |access-date=March 16, 2022 |website=chemistry.stanford.edu}}</ref> At [[Stanford University]], she holds the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professorship in the School of Humanities and Sciences.<ref name=Adams>{{cite news|last1=Adams|first1=Amy|title=Stanford chemist explains excitement of chemistry to students, the public|url=http://news.stanford.edu/news/2015/june/chemistry-bertozzi-qna-060515.html|accessdate=July 19, 2015|agency=Stanford News}}</ref> Bertozzi is also an Investigator at the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] (HHMI)<ref name="GLBT">{{cite news|title=Carolyn Bertozzi honored by GLBT organization|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2007/02/21_awards.shtml|accessdate=February 8, 2013|newspaper=UC Berkeley News|date=February 27, 2007}}</ref> and is the former director of the [[Molecular Foundry]], a [[nanoscience]] research center at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]].<ref name="HHMI Bio" />
She received the [[MacArthur Fellowship|MacArthur "genius" award]] at age 33.<ref>{{cite web|title=Carolyn Bertozzi, Organic Chemist|url=http://www.macfound.org/fellows/600/|website=MacArthur Foundation|accessdate=February 3, 2015}}</ref> In 2010, she was the first woman to receive the prestigious [[Lemelson–MIT Prize]] faculty award. She is a member of the [[National Academy of Sciences]] (2005), the [[Institute of Medicine]] (2011), and the [[National Academy of Inventors]] (2013). In 2014, it was announced that Bertozzi would lead ''[[ACS Central Science]]'', the [[American Chemical Society]]'s first peer-reviewed [[open access journal]], which offers all content free to the public.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Carolyn Bertozzi To Lead ACS Central Science {{!}} Chemical & Engineering News|url = http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/web/2014/09/Carolyn-Bertozzi-Lead-ACS-Central.html|website = cen.acs.org|accessdate = August 19, 2015|first = Linda|last = Wang}}</ref> Since 2021 she has been a member of the [[Accademia dei Lincei]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lincei.it/en/node/9765|title=Alla lincea Carolyn Bertozzi uno dei Nobel per la Chimica 2022 |trans-title=Carolyn Bertozzi one of the 2022 Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry |publisher=Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei |website=www.lincei.it |language=it |access-date=October 7, 2022}}</ref>
As an open lesbian in academia and science, Bertozzi has been a role model for students and colleagues.<ref name="Cassell">{{cite news|last1=Cassell|first1=Heather|title=Two Bay Area gay scientists honored |url=https://www.ebar.com/story.php?ch=news&sc=&sc2=&id=237708|accessdate=October 5, 2022|work=Bay Area Reporter|date=February 22, 2007}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=NOGLSTP to Honor Bertozzi, Gill, Mauzey, and Bannochie at 2007 Awards Ceremony in February |accessdate=February 19, 2019 |url=https://www.noglstp.org/publications-documents/announcements/2007-01-21-noglstp-to-honor-bertozzi-gill-mauzey-and-bannochie-at-2007-awards-ceremony-in-february/ |publisher=NOGLSTP}}</ref>
Bertozzi was awarded the 2022 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]], jointly with [[Morten P. Meldal]] and [[Karl Barry Sharpless]], "for the development of [[click chemistry]] and bioorthogonal chemistry".{{r|nobelprize}}
==Education ==
Carolyn Bertozzi received her B.A., ''[[summa cum laude]]'', in [[chemistry]] from [[Harvard University]], where she worked with Professor Joe Grabowski on the design and construction of a photoacoustic calorimeter.<ref>{{cite journal |pages=214–26 |doi=10.1016/0003-2697(92)90003-P |title=Fluorescence probes in biochemistry: An examination of the non-fluorescent behavior of dansylamide by photoacoustic calorimetry |year=1992 |last1=Grabowski |first1=Joseph J. |journal=[[Analytical Biochemistry]] |volume=207 |issue=2 |pmid=1481973 |last2=Bertozzi |first2=Carolyn R. |last3=Jacobsen |first3=John R. |last4=Jain |first4=Ahamindra |last5=Marzluff |first5=Elaine M. |last6=Suh |first6=Annie Y.}}</ref> Grabowski was impressed with her work and required Bertozzi to write a thesis on this project, which was submitted and Bertozzi won the [[Thomas T. Hoopes Prize|Thomas T. Hoopes Undergraduate Thesis Prize]] with a large prize money.<ref name=":6" /> While an undergraduate, she played in several bands, notably Bored of Education with future [[Rage Against the Machine]] guitarist [[Tom Morello]].<ref name="NIGMS Bio">{{cite web |title=Meet Carolyn Bertozzi |url=http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/chemist_bertozzi.htm |publisher=NIGMS |accessdate=February 8, 2013 |archive-date=October 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005223521/https://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/chemist_bertozzi.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Houlton |first=Sarah |date=January 12, 2018 |title=Carolyn Bertozzi |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/carolyn-bertozzi/3008380.article |access-date=October 7, 2020 |website=Chemistry World |publisher=[[Royal Society of Chemistry]]}}</ref> After graduating from Harvard in 1988, she worked at [[Bell Labs]] with Chris Chidsey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inchemistry.acs.org/content/inchemistry/en/acs-and-you/carolyn-bertozzi.html |title=Carolyn Bertozzi' s Winding Road to an Extraordinary Career |work=inChemistry |access-date=February 17, 2020 |first=Eric |last=Stewart |date=March 27, 2017 |publisher=[[American Chemical Society]]}}</ref>
Bertozzi completed her Ph.D. in chemistry at [[University of California, Berkeley]] in 1993 with Mark Bednarski, working on the [[chemical synthesis]] of [[oligosaccharide]] analogs.<ref>{{cite thesis |title=Synthesis and biological activity of carbon-linked glycosides |last=Bertozzi |first=Carolyn Ruth|institution=[[University of California, Berkeley]] |degree=Ph.D. |id={{ProQuest|304068526}} |oclc=30660316}}</ref><ref name=Infectious>{{cite journal |title=Bertozzi: Infectious In Her Enthusiasm |journal=[[Chemical & Engineering News]] |date=January 31, 2000 |volume=78 |issue=5 |pages=26–35}}</ref> While at Berkeley, she discovered that viruses can bind to sugars in the body.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|title=Carolyn Bertozzi {{!}} Lemelson–MIT Program|website=lemelson.mit.edu|access-date=February 5, 2020|archive-date=August 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810095535/https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|url-status=dead}}</ref> The discovery led to her field of research, [[glycobiology]]. During Bertozzi's third year of graduate school, Bednarski was diagnosed with colon cancer, which resulted in him taking a leave of absence and changing his career path by enrolling in medical school. This left Bertozzi and the rest of the lab to complete their Ph.D. work with no direct supervision.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Azvolunsky |first=Anna |date=May 31, 2016 |title=Carolyn Bertozzi: Glycan Chemist |url=https://www.the-scientist.com/profile/carolyn-bertozzi-glycan-chemist-33453 |access-date=October 7, 2020 |magazine=[[The Scientist (magazine)|The Scientist]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Mitzi |title=Bednarski, pioneer of new cancer therapies, dies at 47 |url=https://news.stanford.edu/news/2006/march22/med-obit-032206.html |access-date=15 October 2022 |work=[[Stanford University]] |date=22 March 2006 |language=en}}</ref>
==Career and research==
After graduating from Berkeley with a Ph.D., Bertozzi was a [[postdoctoral]] [[fellow]] at [[University of California, San Francisco]] (UCSF) with Steven Rosen, where she studied the activity of [[endothelial]] oligosaccharides in promoting cell adhesion at [[inflammation]] sites.<ref name=Davis>{{cite journal |last1=Davis|first1=T.|title=Profile of Carolyn Bertozzi|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=February 16, 2010 |volume=107 |issue=7|pages=2737–2739|doi=10.1073/pnas.0914469107 |pmid=20160128|pmc=2840349|bibcode=2010PNAS..107.2737D|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Gardiner">{{cite journal|last1=Gardiner|first1=Mary Beth|title=The Right Chemistry |journal=HHMI Bulletin|date=Winter 2005 |pages=8–12 |url=https://www.hhmi.org/sites/default/files/Bulletin/2005/Winter/winter2005_fulltext.pdf|accessdate=October 24, 2015}}</ref> While working with Rosen at UCSF, Bertozzi was able to modify the protein and sugar molecules in the walls of living cells so that the cells accept foreign materials such as implants.<ref name="CHFBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/biomolecules/proteins-and-sugars/bertozzi.aspx |title=Carolyn Bertozzi|website=Chemical Heritage Foundation |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712164415/http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/biomolecules/proteins-and-sugars/bertozzi.aspx}}</ref>
In 1996 Bertozzi became a faculty member in the [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanders |first1=Robert |title=Chemistry Nobelist Carolyn Bertozzi's years at UC Berkeley |url=https://news.berkeley.edu/2022/10/05/chemistry-nobelist-carolyn-bertozzis-years-at-uc-berkeley/ |access-date=15 October 2022 |work=Berkeley News |date=5 October 2022}}</ref> and a faculty scientist at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]], where she served as the director of the [[Molecular Foundry]].<ref name=Davis/><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2022/10/05/carolyn-bertozzi-wins-2022-nobel-chemistry| title= Former Berkeley Lab Scientist Carolyn Bertozzi Wins 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry| access-date=September 7, 2022 }}</ref> She has been an investigator with [[HHMI]] since 2000.<ref name="HHMI Bio">{{cite web|title=Carolyn Bertozzi|url=http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html|publisher=HHMI|accessdate=February 8, 2013|archive-date=May 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516204149/http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1999, while working with HHMI and at Berkeley, she founded the field of [[bioorthogonal chemistry]] and coined the term in 2003.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://cen.acs.org/people/profiles/Carolyn-Bertozzis-glycorevolution/98/i5|title=Carolyn Bertozzi's glycorevolution|website=Chemical & Engineering News|language=en|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.invent.org/inductees/carolyn-bertozzi|title=NIHF Inductee Carolyn Bertozzi Invented Bioorthogonal Chemistry |website=www.invent.org |language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sletten|first1=Ellen M.|last2=Bertozzi|first2=Carolyn R.|date=September 20, 2011|title=From Mechanism to Mouse: A Tale of Two Bioorthogonal Reactions |journal=Accounts of Chemical Research|volume=44|issue=9|pages=666–676|doi=10.1021/ar200148z|issn=0001-4842|pmc=3184615|pmid=21838330}}</ref> This new field and technique allows researchers to chemically modify molecules in living organisms and not interrupt the processes of the cell.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sletten|first1=Ellen M.|last2=Bertozzi|first2=Carolyn R.|date=2009|title=Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English|volume=48|issue=38|pages=6974–6998|doi=10.1002/anie.200900942|issn=1433-7851|pmc=2864149|pmid=19714693}}</ref> In 2015, Bertozzi moved to Stanford University to join the ChEM-H Institute.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm|title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi|website=bertozzigroup.stanford.edu|access-date=April 13, 2018|archive-date=August 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806163551/https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Bertozzi studies the [[glycobiology]] of underlying diseases such as [[cancer]], inflammatory disorders such as [[arthritis]], and [[infectious diseases]] such as [[tuberculosis]]. In particular, Bertozzi has advanced the understanding of cell surface [[oligosaccharides]] involved in cell recognition and inter-cellular communication. Bertozzi has applied the techniques of [[bioorthogonal chemistry]] to study [[glycocalyx]], the sugars that surround the cell membrane. Her discoveries have advanced the field of biotherapeutics.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Xiao|first1=Han|last2=Woods|first2=Elliot C.|last3=Vukojicic|first3=Petar|last4=Bertozzi|first4=Carolyn R. |date=August 22, 2016|title=Precision glycocalyx editing as a strategy for cancer immunotherapy|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=113|issue=37|pages=10304–10309|doi=10.1073/pnas.1608069113 |pmid=27551071|pmc=5027407|bibcode=2016PNAS..11310304X |issn=0027-8424|doi-access=free}}</ref> Her lab has also developed tools for research. One such development is creating chemical tools for studying [[glycans]] in living systems.<ref name="HHMI Bio" /> Her lab's development of [[nanotechnologies]] which probe biological systems lead to the development of a fast point-of-care tuberculosis test in 2018.<ref name=lemelson/><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kamariza|first1=Mireille|last2=Shieh|first2=Peyton|last3=Ealand|first3=Christopher S.|last4=Peters|first4=Julian S.|last5=Chu|first5=Brian|last6=Rodriguez-Rivera|first6=Frances P.|last7=Babu Sait|first7=Mohammed R. |last8=Treuren|first8=William V.|last9=Martinson|first9=Neil|last10=Kalscheuer|first10=Rainer|last11=Kana|first11=Bavesh D.|date=2018|title=Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum with a solvatochromic trehalose probe|journal=Science Translational Medicine|volume=10|issue=430|pages=eaam6310 |doi=10.1126/scitranslmed.aam6310|issn=1946-6242|pmc=5985656|pmid=29491187}}</ref> In 2017, due to her lab's discovery of linking the sugars on the surface of cancer cells and their ability to avoid the immune system defenses, she was invited to speak at Stanford's [[TED talk]], giving a talk entitled "What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ted.com/speakers/carolyn_bertozzi|title=Carolyn Bertozzi {{!}} Speaker {{!}} TED |last=Bertozzi|first=Carolyn|website=www.ted.com|language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref>
===Biotechnology startups===
In 2001, Bertozzi and Steve Rosen co-founded '''Thios Pharmaceuticals''' in [[Emeryville, California]], the first company to target [[sulfation]] pathways.<ref name="thios">{{Cite journal|last=McCarthy|first=Alice A.|date=February 2004|title=Thios Pharmaceuticals Targeting Sulfation Pathways|url=https://www.cell.com/cell-chemical-biology/pdf/S1074-5521(04)00040-7.pdf|journal=Chemistry & Biology|volume=11|issue=2|pages=147–148|doi=10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.02.008|pmid=15123271|doi-access=free}}</ref> Thios Pharmaceuticals dissolved in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thios Pharmaceuticals {{!}} www.inknowvation.com |url=https://www.inknowvation.com/sbir/companies/thios-pharmaceuticals |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=www.inknowvation.com}}</ref>
In 2008, Bertozzi founded a startup of her own: '''Redwood Bioscience''' also in Emeryville, California.<ref name="McCook">{{cite news|last1=McCook|first1=Alison|title=Women in Biotechnology: Barred from the Boardroom|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/women-in-biotechnology-barred-from-the-boardroom/|accessdate=October 24, 2015|work=Scientific American|date=March 6, 2013}}</ref> Redwood Bioscience is a biotechnology company that uses SMARTag, a site-specific protein modification technology that allows small drugs to attach to sites on the proteins and can be used to help fight cancers.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://ipira.berkeley.edu/redwood-bioscience-inc|title=Redwood Bioscience Inc. {{!}} IPIRA|website=ipira.berkeley.edu|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref> Redwood Bioscience was acquired by Catalent Pharma Solutions in 2014. Bertozzi remains a part of the advisory board for the biologics sector of the company.<ref name=":1" />
In 2014, she co-founded '''Enable Biosciences'''<ref name=":2" /> of [[South San Francisco, California]].<ref name="enable_hq">{{cite web |url=https://www.enablebiosciences.com/contact |title=Contact |publisher=Enable Biosciences |accessdate=October 13, 2022}}</ref> It focuses on biotechnologies for at-home diagnoses for [[type 1 diabetes]], [[HIV]], and other diseases.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="enable">{{Cite web|url=https://ipira.berkeley.edu/enable-biosciences-inc|title=Enable Biosciences, Inc. {{!}} IPIRA|website=ipira.berkeley.edu|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref>
Bertozzi became a co-founder of '''Palleon Pharma''' of [[Waltham, Massachusetts]], in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/|title=Palleon Pharma – Leadership|accessdate=October 5, 2022|archive-date=July 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706121526/https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Palleon Pharma focuses on investigating glycoimmune checkpoint inhibitors as a potential treatment for cancer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Palleon Pharma|url=https://www.massbio.org/members/palleon-pharma/|website=MassBio|language=en-US|access-date=May 28, 2020}}</ref>
In 2017, Bertozzi helped found '''InterVenn Biosciences''', which uses [[mass spectrometry]] and [[artificial intelligence]] to enhance [[glycoproteomics]] for target and [[biomarker]] discovery, [[ovarian cancer]] diagnostics, and predicting the successes and failures of clinical trials.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://intervenn.bio/|title=InterVenn Biosciences {{!}} AI-Driven Mass Spectrometry|website=intervenn.bio|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref>
She co-founded Grace Science Foundation in 2018. The foundation focuses on curing NGLY1 deficiency through developing therapeutics that are efficient and inexpensive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586|title=Grace Science Foundation|website=rarediseases.info.nih.gov|access-date=February 12, 2020|archive-date=October 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022170634/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2019, she co-founded both OliLux Biosciences and Lycia Therapeutics. OliLux Biosciences develops new methods for tuberculosis detection.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dinkele|first1=Ryan|last2=Gessner|first2=Sophia|last3=Koch|first3=Anastasia S.|last4=Morrow|first4=Carl|last5=Gqada|first5=Melitta|last6=Kamariza|first6=Mireille|last7=Bertozzi|first7=Carolyn R.|last8=Smith|first8=Brian|last9=McLoud|first9=Courtney|last10=Kamholz|first10=Andrew|last11=Bryden|first11=Wayne|date=December 27, 2019|title=Capture and visualization of live Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli from tuberculosis bioaerosols|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.23.887729v1|journal=bioRxiv|language=en|pages=2019.12.23.887729|doi=10.1101/2019.12.23.887729|s2cid=213539003|doi-access=free}}</ref> The founding of Lycia Therapeutics occurred when Bertozzi's group discovered lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs). The new molecule class may be able to degrade some cardiovascular disease and cancer targets.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Banik|first1=Steven|last2=Pedram|first2=Kayvon|last3=Wisnovsky|first3=Simon|last4=Riley|first4=Nicholas|last5=Bertozzi|first5=Carolyn|date=November 20, 2019|title=Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) for the Degradation of Secreted and Membrane Proteins|journal=Figshare|url=https://chemrxiv.org/articles/Lysosome_Targeting_Chimeras_LYTACs_for_the_Degradation_of_Secreted_and_Membrane_Proteins/7927061|language=en|doi=10.26434/chemrxiv.7927061.v2|s2cid=213002729 }}</ref> Lycia Therapeutics focuses on developing technology which utilizes lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs).<ref name=":2" />
Bertozzi also previously served on the research advisory board of several pharmaceutical companies including [[GlaxoSmithKline]], and until 2021 [[Eli Lilly and Company|Eli Lilly]].<ref>{{Cite press release |last=Company |first=Eli Lilly and |title=Lilly Announces that Professor Carolyn Bertozzi has Resigned from its Board of Directors |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lilly-announces-that-professor-carolyn-bertozzi-has-resigned-from-its-board-of-directors-301362134.html |access-date=March 16, 2022 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
===Publications===
Bertozzi has over 600 publications on [[Web of Science]]; the most cited are:
*{{cite journal|pages=6974–98|doi=10.1002/anie.200900942|title=Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality|year=2009|last1=Sletten|first1=EM|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English|volume=48|issue=38|pmid=19714693|pmc=2864149|last2=Bertozzi|first2=CR}}
*{{cite journal |pages=2357–64 |doi=10.1126/science.1059820 |title=Chemical Glycobiology |year=2001 |last1=Bertozzi |first1=Carolyn R. |journal=Science |volume=291 |issue=5512 |pmid=11269316 |last2=Kiessling |first2=Laura L. |s2cid=9585674 |bibcode = 2001Sci...291.2357B }}
*{{cite journal |pages=2007–10 |doi=10.1126/science.287.5460.2007 |title=Cell Surface Engineering by a Modified Staudinger Reaction |year=2000 |last1=Saxon |first1=Eliana |journal=Science |volume=287 |issue=5460 |pmid=10720325 |last2=Bertozzi |first2=Carolyn R.|s2cid=19720277 |bibcode=2000Sci...287.2007S}}
*{{cite journal|pages=15046–15047|doi=10.1021/ja044996f|title=A Strain-Promoted [3 + 2] Azide−Alkyne Cycloaddition for Covalent Modification of Biomolecules in Living Systems|year=2005|last1=Agard |first1=Nicholas J. |last2=Prescher|first2=Jennifer A.|last3=Bertozzi|first3=Carolyn R.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=126|pmid=15547999|issue=46}}
*{{Cite journal|last1=Dube|first1=DH|last2=Bertozzi|first2=CR|title=Glycans in cancer and inflammation—potential for therapeutics and diagnostics|journal= Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|volume=4|issue=6|pages=477–88 |doi=10.1038/nrd1751|pmid=15931257|year=2005|s2cid=22525932}}
===Awards and honors===
[[File:Carolyn Bertozzi IMG 9372.jpg|thumb|300px|Carolyn Bertozzi, receiving the Emanuel Merck Lectureship in 2011]]
*1987 – [[Phi Beta Kappa]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chuang|first=Theodore D.|date=December 7, 1987|title=Harvard Phi Beta Kappa Inductees Announced {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/12/7/harvard-phi-beta-kappa-inductees-announced/|url-status=live|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=www.thecrimson.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130910165402/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/12/7/harvard-phi-beta-kappa-inductees-announced/ |archive-date=September 10, 2013 }}</ref>
*1997 – [[Alfred P. Sloan Foundation|Alfred P. Sloan]] Research Fellowship<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=November 4, 2002|title=Dr. Bertozzi to Speak at Drug Discovery Symposium|url=https://news.feinberg.northwestern.edu/2002/11/bertozzi_symposium/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=News Center|language=en-US}}</ref>
*1997 – Horace S. Isbell Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry<ref>{{Cite web|title=Horace S. Isbell Award|url=https://acscarb.org/awards/isbell-award/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=ACS Carbohydrate|language=en-US}}</ref>
*1998 – [[Glaxo Wellcome]] Scholars' Award<ref name=":5" />
*1998 – [[Beckman Young Investigators Award]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi |url=http://www.beckman-foundation.org/beckman-young-investigators/carolyn-r-bertozzi |website=Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation |accessdate=August 1, 2018 |archive-date=August 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802041126/http://www.beckman-foundation.org/beckman-young-investigators/carolyn-r-bertozzi |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*1999 – [[Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award]] of the [[American Chemical Society]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arthur C. Cope Scholar Awards|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-cope-scholar-award.html|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=American Chemical Society|language=en}}</ref>
*1999 – Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award<ref name=":5" />
*1999 – [[MacArthur Fellowship]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Major Awards & Honors {{!}} College of Chemistry|url=https://chemistry.berkeley.edu/awards-honors|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=chemistry.berkeley.edu}}</ref>
*2000 – [[Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov/WH/EOP/OSTP/html/00413_2.html|title=President Honors Outstanding Young Scientists|website=clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2000 – [[Merck & Co.|Merck]] Academic Development Program Award<ref name=":5" />
*2001 – UC Berkeley Distinguished Teaching Award<ref name=":3" />
*2001 – [[ACS Award in Pure Chemistry]]<ref name=":5" />
*2001 – Donald Sterling Noyce Prize for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching<ref name=":3" />
*2001 – Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]<ref name="Korte">{{cite news |last1=Korte |first1=Andrea |title=AAAS Fellows Carolyn Bertozzi and K. Barry Sharpless Receive Nobel Prize in Chemistry {{!}} American Association for the Advancement of Science |url=https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-fellows-carolyn-bertozzi-and-k-barry-sharpless-receive-nobel-prize-chemistry?et_rid=162180701&et_cid=4466269 |access-date=29 October 2022 |work=American Association for the Advancement of Science |date=5 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
*2002 – Irving Sigal Young Investigator Award of the Protein Society<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=UC Berkeley chemist, biologist, entrepreneur awarded $500,000 Lemelson–MIT Prize {{!}} Research UC Berkeley|url=https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/uc-berkeley-chemist-biologist-entrepreneur-awarded-500000-lemelson-mit-prize|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=vcresearch.berkeley.edu}}</ref>
*2003 – Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref name=AAAS>{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|accessdate=June 24, 2011}}</ref>
*2003 – Havinga Medal, Univ. Leiden<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laureates |url=https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/havinga-foundation/laureates |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.universiteitleiden.nl |language=en}}</ref>
*2004 – [[Agnes Fay Morgan Research Award]] of [[Iota Sigma Pi]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=2004 IOTA SIGMA PI AGNES FAY MORGAN RESEARCH AWARD |url=http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/agnesfaymorgan/2004.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501165437/http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/agnesfaymorgan/2004.pdf |archive-date=2019-05-01 |access-date= |website=Iota Sigma Pi}}</ref>
*2005 – Member of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]<ref name=":3" />
*2005 – T.Z. and Irmgard Chu Distinguished Professorship in Chemistry<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/05/03_nas.shtml|title=05.03.2005 – Three UC Berkeley faculty named to National Academy of Sciences|website=www.berkeley.edu|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2007 – [[Ernst Schering Prize]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ernst Schering Prize 2007 – Schering Stiftung|url=https://scheringstiftung.de/en/programm/lebenswissenschaften/ernst-schering-preis/ernst-schering-preis-2007/|access-date=June 1, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref>
*2007 – LGBTQ Scientist of the Year Award – from the [[National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientists and Technical Professionals]]<ref name=Cassell/><ref name="auto"/>
*2008 – Li Ka Shing Women in Science Award<ref name=":4" />
*2008 – Roy L. Whistler International Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kamerling|first=Johannis P.|date=March 1, 2008|title=The Roy L. Whistler International Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry 2008|url=https://academic.oup.com/glycob/article/18/3/209/1988289|journal=Glycobiology|language=en|volume=18|issue=3|pages=209|doi=10.1093/glycob/cwn005|pmid=18326004|issn=0959-6658|doi-access=free}}</ref>
*2008 – Member of the [[German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leopoldina.org/en/members/list-of-members/member/1308/|title=List of Members|website=www.leopoldina.org|accessdate=October 8, 2017}}</ref>
*2008 – [[Willard Gibbs Award]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.chicagoacs.net/meetings/08may.html|title=ACS May Gibbs Award Meeting|website=archive.chicagoacs.net|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2009 – [[William H. Nichols Medal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nichols Medal|url=http://newyorkacs.online/nichols_medal/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=newyorkacs.online|language=en}}</ref>
*2009 – Harrison Howe Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cen.acs.org/articles/87/i8/Carolyn-Bertozzi-Wins-Harrison-Howe.html?type=paidArticleContent|title=Carolyn Bertozzi Wins Harrison Howe Award {{!}} February 23, 2009, Issue – Vol. 87 Issue 8 {{!}} Chemical & Engineering News|website=cen.acs.org|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2009 – Albert Hofmann Medal, Univ. Zurich<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry |url=https://www.leopoldina.org/en/press-1/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-awarded-nobel-prize-in-chemistry/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften Leopoldina |language=en-US}}</ref>
*2010 – [[Lemelson–MIT Prize]]<ref name=lemelson>{{cite web|title=Carolyn Bertozzi 2010 Lemelson–MIT Prize|url=http://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|publisher=MIT|accessdate=May 13, 2014|archive-date=August 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810095535/https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2010 – [[Royal Society of Chemistry]] – Organic Division, Bioorganic Chemistry Award
*2011 – Member of the [[Institute Of Medicine|Institute of Medicine]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.berkeley.edu/2011/10/17/two-uc-berkeley-faculty-elected-to-iom/|title=Two UC Berkeley faculty named to Institute of Medicine|website=Berkeley News|language=en-US|access-date=February 10, 2020|date=November 30, 2001}}</ref>
*2011 – Tetrahedron Young Investigator Award for Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/bioorganic-and-medicinal-chemistry-letters/vol/21/issue/17|title=Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters {{!}} Tetrahedron Young Investigator Award 2011: Carolyn R. Bertozzi {{!}} ScienceDirect.com|website=www.sciencedirect.com|language=en-us|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2011 – [[Emanuel Merck Lectureship]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=EM Lectureship – Research {{!}} Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany|url=https://www.emdgroup.com/en/research/grants-and-awards/emanuel-merck-lectureship.html|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=www.emdgroup.com|language=en}}</ref>
*2012 – Honorary Doctorate of Science from [[Brown University]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Simmons among nine honorary degree recipients|url=http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2012/05/hdcitations#Bertozzi|publisher=Brown University|accessdate=May 28, 2014|date=May 16, 2012}}</ref>
*2012 – [[Heinrich Wieland Prize]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Heinrich Wieland Prize 2012 goes to Carolyn R. Bertozzi |url=http://www.heinrich-wieland-preis.de/index/getnews/id/15 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140702042822/http://www.heinrich-wieland-preis.de/index/getnews/id/15 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 2, 2014 |publisher=Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation |accessdate=June 30, 2014 |date=October 18, 2012 }}</ref>
*2013 – Elected Fellow of the [[National Academy of Inventors]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/carolyn-bertozzi-and-george-smoot-elected-national-academy-inventors|title=Carolyn Bertozzi and George Smoot Elected to National Academy of Inventors {{!}} Research UC Berkeley|website=vcresearch.berkeley.edu|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2013 – Hans Bloemendal Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.rimls.nl/symposia/frontiers-2013/bloemendal-medal/|title=Bloemendal Medal|website=www2.rimls.nl|access-date=September 7, 2019|archive-date=June 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043303/http://www2.rimls.nl/symposia/frontiers-2013/bloemendal-medal/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2015 – [[UCSF]] 150th Anniversary Alumni Excellence Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/carolyn-bertozzi|title=Carolyn Bertozzi|website=Bertozzi Group|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2017 – [[Arthur C. Cope Award]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Arthur C. Cope Awards|date=August 25, 2016 |url=https://www.organicdivision.org/cope}}</ref>
*2018 – Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/news/2018/05/distinguished-scientists-elected-fellows-royal-society-2018/|title=Distinguished scientists elected as Fellows and Foreign Members of the Royal Society |publisher=The Royal Society|date=May 9, 2018|accessdate=May 10, 2018 }}</ref>
*2020 – John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/2020-awards/Bertozzi.html|title=Carolyn Bertozzi|website=www.nasonline.org|access-date=January 22, 2020}}</ref>
*2020 – [[Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.solvay.com/en/innovation/encourage-science/chemistry-future-solvay-prize/2020-laureate|title=Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize – The 2020 Laureate|website=Solvay|language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref>
*2020 – F. A. Cotton Medal for Excellence in Chemical Research<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chem.tamu.edu/medals+lectureships/cotton-medal/|title=F.A. Cotton Medal|website=chem.tamu.edu|access-date=June 9, 2020}}</ref>
*2022 – [[Wolf Prize in Chemistry]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wolffund.org.il/2022/02/08/carolyn-r-bertozzi/|title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi|date=February 8, 2022|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – [[Heineken Prizes|Dr H. P. Heineken Prize for Biochemistry and Biophysics]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theheinekencompany.com/newsroom/winners-of-heineken-prizes-2022-announced/|title=Winners of Heineken Prizes 2022 announced|publisher=[[Heineken]]|date=June 8, 2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – [[Dickson Prize]] in Medicine<ref>[http://www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu/recipients/2022-bertozzi.php Dickson Prize 2022]</ref>
*2022 – [[Welch Award in Chemistry]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://welch1.org/awards/welch-award-in-chemistry|title=Welch Award in Chemistry|website=Welch|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – Bijvoet Medal of the [[Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research]] of [[Utrecht University]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uu.nl/en/news/bijvoet-medals-awarded-to-carolyn-bertozzi-and-vishva-dixit|title=Bijvoet Medals awarded to Carolyn Bertozzi and Vishva Dixit|publisher=[[Utrecht University]]|date=October 3, 2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – Lifetime Mentor Award, [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].<ref name="Jilani">{{cite news |last1=Jilani |first1=Zaid |title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi Wins 2022 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award {{!}} American Association for the Advancement of Science |url=https://www.aaas.org/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1667060068 |access-date=29 October 2022 |work=American Association for the Advancement of Science |date=10 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Korte"/>
*2022 – [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]<ref name="nobelprize"/>
*2023 – [[Roger Adams Award]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.organicdivision.org/adamsaward/|title=Roger Adams Award|website=www.organicdivision.org|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
*2023 – [[AACR Awards|AACR]] Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Laureate Carolyn R. Bertozzi, PhD, to Receive 2023 AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research |url=https://www.aacr.org/about-the-aacr/newsroom/news-releases/nobel-laureate-carolyn-r-bertozzi-phd-to-receive-2023-aacr-award-for-outstanding-achievement-in-chemistry-in-cancer-research/ |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) |language=en}}</ref>
==Personal life==
Bertozzi grew up in [[Lexington, Massachusetts]], the daughter of the late Norma Gloria (Berringer) and William Bertozzi.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/bostonglobe/name/norma-bertozzi-obituary?id=30733422 | title=NORMA GLORIA BERTOZZI Obituary (2021) Boston Globe | website=[[Legacy.com]] }}</ref> Her father was of [[Italian Americans|Italian descent]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lavocedinewyork.com/en/news/2022/10/05/italian-american-scientist-carolyn-bertozzi-wins-the-nobel-prize-in-chemistry|title=Italian American Scientist Carolyn Bertozzi Wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry|date=October 5, 2022 }}</ref> Her maternal grandparents were from [[Nova Scotia]], [[Canada]].<ref name=":6">{{cite web | url=https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/3xomins | title=Oral history interview with Carolyn R. Bertozzi }}</ref> She has two sisters, one of whom, [[Andrea Bertozzi]], is on the mathematics faculty at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]].<ref name="UCLA">{{cite web|url=https://www.math.ucla.edu/~bertozzi/|title=UCLA Math Department Faculty|accessdate=June 4, 2012}}</ref> Her father was a physics professor at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/bertozzi_william.html|title=MIT Physics Department Faculty|accessdate=June 4, 2012}}</ref><ref name=Davis/>
Bertozzi and her two sisters grew up around science. Because their father was a physics professor, when asked what she and her sisters wanted to be when they grew up, the answer was unanimous: a nuclear physicist. The three girls would attend MIT camps, as their father dreamt that they would attend MIT due to a "mixture of pride and the promise of free tuition." To William's dismay, Carolyn attended Harvard instead because the school offered strengths outside of just science.<ref name=Davis/>
Bertozzi briefly considered a career in music. In high school, she won several awards for music compositions and musical accomplishments. Her talent on the keyboard earned her offers as a music major from several university rock bands, but she felt that she was "always centered on the sciences".<ref name=Davis/> Bertozzi is a [[lesbian]] and has been out since the late 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Navals|first=Pauline|date=April 5, 2022|title=ONE ON ONE WITH CAROLYN BERTOZZI|journal=Chemical & Engineering News|language=en|url=https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/One-on-one-with-Carolyn-Bertozzi/100/i12}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="nobelprize"><!-- https://archive.today/20221005095217/ --> {{cite press release |title=Press release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 |date=October 5, 2022 |publisher=The Nobel Prize |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/press-release/}}</ref>
}}
==External links==
{{Scholia}}
* {{official website|https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/}} of Bertozzi Research Group
* [https://www.ted.com/talks/carolyn_bertozzi_what_the_sugar_coating_on_your_cells_is_trying_to_tell_you/up-next What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you] – TED Talk
{{Commons category|Carolyn Bertozzi}}
* {{nobelprize}}
*[https://oa.mg/author/A2248816173 Bertozzi's] ''et al.'' publication list
*{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hardcastle M |title=QnAs with Carolyn R. Bertozzi |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |year=2023 |volume=120 |issue=1 |pages=e2220665120|doi=10.1073/pnas.2220665120 |pmid=36584297 |pmc=9910447 |bibcode=2023PNAS..12020665H }}
{{ACS Chemical Biology Lectureship}}
{{FRS 2018}}
{{Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates 2001–2025}}
{{2022 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bertozzi, Carolyn}}
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:21st-century American women]]
[[Category:21st-century American LGBT people]]
[[Category:21st-century American chemists]]
[[Category:American women chemists]]
[[Category:Bijvoet Medal recipients]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Microbiology]]
[[Category:Foreign Members of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Harvard College alumni]]
[[Category:Howard Hughes Medical Investigators]]
[[Category:American people of Italian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Canadian descent]]
[[Category:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory people]]
[[Category:American LGBT academics]]
[[Category:LGBT Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:LGBT people from Massachusetts]]
[[Category:American LGBT scientists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:MacArthur Fellows]]
[[Category:Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina]]
[[Category:Members of the National Academy of Medicine]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Chemistry]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers]]
[[Category:Stanford University Department of Chemistry faculty]]
[[Category:UC Berkeley College of Chemistry alumni]]
[[Category:UC Berkeley College of Chemistry faculty]]
[[Category:University of California, San Francisco alumni]]
[[Category:Women Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:Chemists from Massachusetts]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|American chemist (born 1966)}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Carolyn Bertozzi
| image = data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxMTEhUTExIWFRUXGBcZGBcXFhUYFRgXFRcXFhUVFxUYHSggGBolHRUVITEhJSkrLi4uFx8zODMtNygtLisBCgoKDg0OGxAQGi0lHyUtLS0tLS0tLS0vLS0vLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLf/AABEIAOEA4AMBIgACEQEDEQH/
| caption = Bertozzi in 2022
| birth_name = Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1966|10|10}}
| birth_place = [[Boston]], Massachusetts, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| education = {{ubl|[[Harvard University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])|[[University of California, Berkeley]] ([[Master of Science|MS]], [[PhD]])}}
| known_for = [[Bioorthogonal chemistry]]
| criminal_charges = Tax Evasion, Stealling a vibrator from walmart in 2007
| children = Ethan Crumbley
| relatives = [[Andrea Bertozzi]] (sister)
| awards = {{ubl|[[MacArthur Foundation Fellowship]] (1999)|[[ACS Award in Pure Chemistry]] (2001)|[[Lemelson–MIT Prize]] (2010)|[[Heinrich Wieland Prize]] (2012)|[[Wolf Prize]] (2022)|[[Dickson Prize]] (2022)|[[Welch Award in Chemistry]] (2022)|[[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] (2022)}}
| module = {{Infobox scientist
| child = yes
| fields = [[Chemistry]]
| workplaces = {{ubl|[[Stanford University]]|[[University of California, Berkeley]]|[[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]]|[[University of California, San Francisco]]}}
| doctoral_advisor = Mark D. Bednarski
| thesis_title = Synthesis and biological activity of carbon-linked glycosides
| thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304068526/
| thesis_year = 1993
| doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|
*[[Lisa Marcaurelle]]
*[[Howard Hang]]
*[[Mireille Kamariza]]
*[[Lara Mahal]]
*[[Jennifer Prescher]]<ref name=pphd>{{Cite thesis |degree=PhD|last=Prescher |first=Jennifer Ann |id={{ProQuest|305348554}} |url=https://search.library.berkeley.edu/permalink/01UCS_BER/1thfj9n/alma991016646109706532 |title=Probing Glycosylation in Living Animals with Bioorthogonal Chemistries |publisher=[[University of California, Berkeley]] |date=2006 |language=English |oclc=892833679}}</ref>}}
}}
}}
{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage= |video1= [https://www.ted.com/talks/carolyn_bertozzi_what_the_sugar_coating_on_your_cells_is_trying_to_tell_you "What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you"], TEDx Stanford |video2= [https://www.aaas.org/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1667060068 "Carolyn R. Bertozzi Wins 2022 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award"], AAAS, 10 February 2022 }}
'''Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi''' (born October 10, 1966) is an American [[chemist]] and [[Nobel Laureate in Chemistry|Nobel laureate]], known for her wide-ranging work spanning both chemistry and biology. She coined the term "[[bioorthogonal chemistry]]"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hhmi.org/scientists/carolyn-r-bertozzi|title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi|website=HHMI.org|language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref> for chemical reactions compatible with living systems. Her recent efforts include synthesis of chemical tools to study cell surface sugars called glycans and how they affect diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and viral infections like [[COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolyn Bertozzi {{!}} Department of Chemistry |url=https://chemistry.stanford.edu/people/carolyn-bertozzi |access-date=March 16, 2022 |website=chemistry.stanford.edu}}</ref> At [[Stanford University]], she holds the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professorship in the School of Humanities and Sciences.<ref name=Adams>{{cite news|last1=Adams|first1=Amy|title=Stanford chemist explains excitement of chemistry to students, the public|url=http://news.stanford.edu/news/2015/june/chemistry-bertozzi-qna-060515.html|accessdate=July 19, 2015|agency=Stanford News}}</ref> Bertozzi is also an Investigator at the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] (HHMI)<ref name="GLBT">{{cite news|title=Carolyn Bertozzi honored by GLBT organization|url=http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2007/02/21_awards.shtml|accessdate=February 8, 2013|newspaper=UC Berkeley News|date=February 27, 2007}}</ref> and is the former director of the [[Molecular Foundry]], a [[nanoscience]] research center at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]].<ref name="HHMI Bio" />
She received the [[MacArthur Fellowship|MacArthur "genius" award]] at age 33.<ref>{{cite web|title=Carolyn Bertozzi, Organic Chemist|url=http://www.macfound.org/fellows/600/|website=MacArthur Foundation|accessdate=February 3, 2015}}</ref> In 2010, she was the first woman to receive the prestigious [[Lemelson–MIT Prize]] faculty award. She is a member of the [[National Academy of Sciences]] (2005), the [[Institute of Medicine]] (2011), and the [[National Academy of Inventors]] (2013). In 2014, it was announced that Bertozzi would lead ''[[ACS Central Science]]'', the [[American Chemical Society]]'s first peer-reviewed [[open access journal]], which offers all content free to the public.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Carolyn Bertozzi To Lead ACS Central Science {{!}} Chemical & Engineering News|url = http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/web/2014/09/Carolyn-Bertozzi-Lead-ACS-Central.html|website = cen.acs.org|accessdate = August 19, 2015|first = Linda|last = Wang}}</ref> Since 2021 she has been a member of the [[Accademia dei Lincei]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lincei.it/en/node/9765|title=Alla lincea Carolyn Bertozzi uno dei Nobel per la Chimica 2022 |trans-title=Carolyn Bertozzi one of the 2022 Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry |publisher=Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei |website=www.lincei.it |language=it |access-date=October 7, 2022}}</ref>
As an open lesbian in academia and science, Bertozzi has been a role model for students and colleagues.<ref name="Cassell">{{cite news|last1=Cassell|first1=Heather|title=Two Bay Area gay scientists honored |url=https://www.ebar.com/story.php?ch=news&sc=&sc2=&id=237708|accessdate=October 5, 2022|work=Bay Area Reporter|date=February 22, 2007}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=NOGLSTP to Honor Bertozzi, Gill, Mauzey, and Bannochie at 2007 Awards Ceremony in February |accessdate=February 19, 2019 |url=https://www.noglstp.org/publications-documents/announcements/2007-01-21-noglstp-to-honor-bertozzi-gill-mauzey-and-bannochie-at-2007-awards-ceremony-in-february/ |publisher=NOGLSTP}}</ref>
Bertozzi was awarded the 2022 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]], jointly with [[Morten P. Meldal]] and [[Karl Barry Sharpless]], "for the development of [[click chemistry]] and bioorthogonal chemistry".{{r|nobelprize}}
==Education ==
Carolyn Bertozzi received her B.A., ''[[summa cum laude]]'', in [[chemistry]] from [[Harvard University]], where she worked with Professor Joe Grabowski on the design and construction of a photoacoustic calorimeter.<ref>{{cite journal |pages=214–26 |doi=10.1016/0003-2697(92)90003-P |title=Fluorescence probes in biochemistry: An examination of the non-fluorescent behavior of dansylamide by photoacoustic calorimetry |year=1992 |last1=Grabowski |first1=Joseph J. |journal=[[Analytical Biochemistry]] |volume=207 |issue=2 |pmid=1481973 |last2=Bertozzi |first2=Carolyn R. |last3=Jacobsen |first3=John R. |last4=Jain |first4=Ahamindra |last5=Marzluff |first5=Elaine M. |last6=Suh |first6=Annie Y.}}</ref> Grabowski was impressed with her work and required Bertozzi to write a thesis on this project, which was submitted and Bertozzi won the [[Thomas T. Hoopes Prize|Thomas T. Hoopes Undergraduate Thesis Prize]] with a large prize money.<ref name=":6" /> While an undergraduate, she played in several bands, notably Bored of Education with future [[Rage Against the Machine]] guitarist [[Tom Morello]].<ref name="NIGMS Bio">{{cite web |title=Meet Carolyn Bertozzi |url=http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/chemist_bertozzi.htm |publisher=NIGMS |accessdate=February 8, 2013 |archive-date=October 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005223521/https://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/chemist_bertozzi.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Houlton |first=Sarah |date=January 12, 2018 |title=Carolyn Bertozzi |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/carolyn-bertozzi/3008380.article |access-date=October 7, 2020 |website=Chemistry World |publisher=[[Royal Society of Chemistry]]}}</ref> After graduating from Harvard in 1988, she worked at [[Bell Labs]] with Chris Chidsey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inchemistry.acs.org/content/inchemistry/en/acs-and-you/carolyn-bertozzi.html |title=Carolyn Bertozzi' s Winding Road to an Extraordinary Career |work=inChemistry |access-date=February 17, 2020 |first=Eric |last=Stewart |date=March 27, 2017 |publisher=[[American Chemical Society]]}}</ref>
Bertozzi completed her Ph.D. in chemistry at [[University of California, Berkeley]] in 1993 with Mark Bednarski, working on the [[chemical synthesis]] of [[oligosaccharide]] analogs.<ref>{{cite thesis |title=Synthesis and biological activity of carbon-linked glycosides |last=Bertozzi |first=Carolyn Ruth|institution=[[University of California, Berkeley]] |degree=Ph.D. |id={{ProQuest|304068526}} |oclc=30660316}}</ref><ref name=Infectious>{{cite journal |title=Bertozzi: Infectious In Her Enthusiasm |journal=[[Chemical & Engineering News]] |date=January 31, 2000 |volume=78 |issue=5 |pages=26–35}}</ref> While at Berkeley, she discovered that viruses can bind to sugars in the body.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|title=Carolyn Bertozzi {{!}} Lemelson–MIT Program|website=lemelson.mit.edu|access-date=February 5, 2020|archive-date=August 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810095535/https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|url-status=dead}}</ref> The discovery led to her field of research, [[glycobiology]]. During Bertozzi's third year of graduate school, Bednarski was diagnosed with colon cancer, which resulted in him taking a leave of absence and changing his career path by enrolling in medical school. This left Bertozzi and the rest of the lab to complete their Ph.D. work with no direct supervision.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Azvolunsky |first=Anna |date=May 31, 2016 |title=Carolyn Bertozzi: Glycan Chemist |url=https://www.the-scientist.com/profile/carolyn-bertozzi-glycan-chemist-33453 |access-date=October 7, 2020 |magazine=[[The Scientist (magazine)|The Scientist]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Mitzi |title=Bednarski, pioneer of new cancer therapies, dies at 47 |url=https://news.stanford.edu/news/2006/march22/med-obit-032206.html |access-date=15 October 2022 |work=[[Stanford University]] |date=22 March 2006 |language=en}}</ref>
==Career and research==
After graduating from Berkeley with a Ph.D., Bertozzi was a [[postdoctoral]] [[fellow]] at [[University of California, San Francisco]] (UCSF) with Steven Rosen, where she studied the activity of [[endothelial]] oligosaccharides in promoting cell adhesion at [[inflammation]] sites.<ref name=Davis>{{cite journal |last1=Davis|first1=T.|title=Profile of Carolyn Bertozzi|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=February 16, 2010 |volume=107 |issue=7|pages=2737–2739|doi=10.1073/pnas.0914469107 |pmid=20160128|pmc=2840349|bibcode=2010PNAS..107.2737D|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Gardiner">{{cite journal|last1=Gardiner|first1=Mary Beth|title=The Right Chemistry |journal=HHMI Bulletin|date=Winter 2005 |pages=8–12 |url=https://www.hhmi.org/sites/default/files/Bulletin/2005/Winter/winter2005_fulltext.pdf|accessdate=October 24, 2015}}</ref> While working with Rosen at UCSF, Bertozzi was able to modify the protein and sugar molecules in the walls of living cells so that the cells accept foreign materials such as implants.<ref name="CHFBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/biomolecules/proteins-and-sugars/bertozzi.aspx |title=Carolyn Bertozzi|website=Chemical Heritage Foundation |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712164415/http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/biomolecules/proteins-and-sugars/bertozzi.aspx}}</ref>
In 1996 Bertozzi became a faculty member in the [[UC Berkeley College of Chemistry]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sanders |first1=Robert |title=Chemistry Nobelist Carolyn Bertozzi's years at UC Berkeley |url=https://news.berkeley.edu/2022/10/05/chemistry-nobelist-carolyn-bertozzis-years-at-uc-berkeley/ |access-date=15 October 2022 |work=Berkeley News |date=5 October 2022}}</ref> and a faculty scientist at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]], where she served as the director of the [[Molecular Foundry]].<ref name=Davis/><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2022/10/05/carolyn-bertozzi-wins-2022-nobel-chemistry| title= Former Berkeley Lab Scientist Carolyn Bertozzi Wins 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry| access-date=September 7, 2022 }}</ref> She has been an investigator with [[HHMI]] since 2000.<ref name="HHMI Bio">{{cite web|title=Carolyn Bertozzi|url=http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html|publisher=HHMI|accessdate=February 8, 2013|archive-date=May 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516204149/http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1999, while working with HHMI and at Berkeley, she founded the field of [[bioorthogonal chemistry]] and coined the term in 2003.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://cen.acs.org/people/profiles/Carolyn-Bertozzis-glycorevolution/98/i5|title=Carolyn Bertozzi's glycorevolution|website=Chemical & Engineering News|language=en|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.invent.org/inductees/carolyn-bertozzi|title=NIHF Inductee Carolyn Bertozzi Invented Bioorthogonal Chemistry |website=www.invent.org |language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sletten|first1=Ellen M.|last2=Bertozzi|first2=Carolyn R.|date=September 20, 2011|title=From Mechanism to Mouse: A Tale of Two Bioorthogonal Reactions |journal=Accounts of Chemical Research|volume=44|issue=9|pages=666–676|doi=10.1021/ar200148z|issn=0001-4842|pmc=3184615|pmid=21838330}}</ref> This new field and technique allows researchers to chemically modify molecules in living organisms and not interrupt the processes of the cell.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sletten|first1=Ellen M.|last2=Bertozzi|first2=Carolyn R.|date=2009|title=Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English|volume=48|issue=38|pages=6974–6998|doi=10.1002/anie.200900942|issn=1433-7851|pmc=2864149|pmid=19714693}}</ref> In 2015, Bertozzi moved to Stanford University to join the ChEM-H Institute.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm|title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi|website=bertozzigroup.stanford.edu|access-date=April 13, 2018|archive-date=August 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806163551/https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Bertozzi studies the [[glycobiology]] of underlying diseases such as [[cancer]], inflammatory disorders such as [[arthritis]], and [[infectious diseases]] such as [[tuberculosis]]. In particular, Bertozzi has advanced the understanding of cell surface [[oligosaccharides]] involved in cell recognition and inter-cellular communication. Bertozzi has applied the techniques of [[bioorthogonal chemistry]] to study [[glycocalyx]], the sugars that surround the cell membrane. Her discoveries have advanced the field of biotherapeutics.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Xiao|first1=Han|last2=Woods|first2=Elliot C.|last3=Vukojicic|first3=Petar|last4=Bertozzi|first4=Carolyn R. |date=August 22, 2016|title=Precision glycocalyx editing as a strategy for cancer immunotherapy|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|language=en|volume=113|issue=37|pages=10304–10309|doi=10.1073/pnas.1608069113 |pmid=27551071|pmc=5027407|bibcode=2016PNAS..11310304X |issn=0027-8424|doi-access=free}}</ref> Her lab has also developed tools for research. One such development is creating chemical tools for studying [[glycans]] in living systems.<ref name="HHMI Bio" /> Her lab's development of [[nanotechnologies]] which probe biological systems lead to the development of a fast point-of-care tuberculosis test in 2018.<ref name=lemelson/><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kamariza|first1=Mireille|last2=Shieh|first2=Peyton|last3=Ealand|first3=Christopher S.|last4=Peters|first4=Julian S.|last5=Chu|first5=Brian|last6=Rodriguez-Rivera|first6=Frances P.|last7=Babu Sait|first7=Mohammed R. |last8=Treuren|first8=William V.|last9=Martinson|first9=Neil|last10=Kalscheuer|first10=Rainer|last11=Kana|first11=Bavesh D.|date=2018|title=Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum with a solvatochromic trehalose probe|journal=Science Translational Medicine|volume=10|issue=430|pages=eaam6310 |doi=10.1126/scitranslmed.aam6310|issn=1946-6242|pmc=5985656|pmid=29491187}}</ref> In 2017, due to her lab's discovery of linking the sugars on the surface of cancer cells and their ability to avoid the immune system defenses, she was invited to speak at Stanford's [[TED talk]], giving a talk entitled "What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ted.com/speakers/carolyn_bertozzi|title=Carolyn Bertozzi {{!}} Speaker {{!}} TED |last=Bertozzi|first=Carolyn|website=www.ted.com|language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref>
===Biotechnology startups===
In 2001, Bertozzi and Steve Rosen co-founded '''Thios Pharmaceuticals''' in [[Emeryville, California]], the first company to target [[sulfation]] pathways.<ref name="thios">{{Cite journal|last=McCarthy|first=Alice A.|date=February 2004|title=Thios Pharmaceuticals Targeting Sulfation Pathways|url=https://www.cell.com/cell-chemical-biology/pdf/S1074-5521(04)00040-7.pdf|journal=Chemistry & Biology|volume=11|issue=2|pages=147–148|doi=10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.02.008|pmid=15123271|doi-access=free}}</ref> Thios Pharmaceuticals dissolved in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thios Pharmaceuticals {{!}} www.inknowvation.com |url=https://www.inknowvation.com/sbir/companies/thios-pharmaceuticals |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=www.inknowvation.com}}</ref>
In 2008, Bertozzi founded a startup of her own: '''Redwood Bioscience''' also in Emeryville, California.<ref name="McCook">{{cite news|last1=McCook|first1=Alison|title=Women in Biotechnology: Barred from the Boardroom|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/women-in-biotechnology-barred-from-the-boardroom/|accessdate=October 24, 2015|work=Scientific American|date=March 6, 2013}}</ref> Redwood Bioscience is a biotechnology company that uses SMARTag, a site-specific protein modification technology that allows small drugs to attach to sites on the proteins and can be used to help fight cancers.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://ipira.berkeley.edu/redwood-bioscience-inc|title=Redwood Bioscience Inc. {{!}} IPIRA|website=ipira.berkeley.edu|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref> Redwood Bioscience was acquired by Catalent Pharma Solutions in 2014. Bertozzi remains a part of the advisory board for the biologics sector of the company.<ref name=":1" />
In 2014, she co-founded '''Enable Biosciences'''<ref name=":2" /> of [[South San Francisco, California]].<ref name="enable_hq">{{cite web |url=https://www.enablebiosciences.com/contact |title=Contact |publisher=Enable Biosciences |accessdate=October 13, 2022}}</ref> It focuses on biotechnologies for at-home diagnoses for [[type 1 diabetes]], [[HIV]], and other diseases.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="enable">{{Cite web|url=https://ipira.berkeley.edu/enable-biosciences-inc|title=Enable Biosciences, Inc. {{!}} IPIRA|website=ipira.berkeley.edu|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref>
Bertozzi became a co-founder of '''Palleon Pharma''' of [[Waltham, Massachusetts]], in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/|title=Palleon Pharma – Leadership|accessdate=October 5, 2022|archive-date=July 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706121526/https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Palleon Pharma focuses on investigating glycoimmune checkpoint inhibitors as a potential treatment for cancer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Palleon Pharma|url=https://www.massbio.org/members/palleon-pharma/|website=MassBio|language=en-US|access-date=May 28, 2020}}</ref>
In 2017, Bertozzi helped found '''InterVenn Biosciences''', which uses [[mass spectrometry]] and [[artificial intelligence]] to enhance [[glycoproteomics]] for target and [[biomarker]] discovery, [[ovarian cancer]] diagnostics, and predicting the successes and failures of clinical trials.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://intervenn.bio/|title=InterVenn Biosciences {{!}} AI-Driven Mass Spectrometry|website=intervenn.bio|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref>
She co-founded Grace Science Foundation in 2018. The foundation focuses on curing NGLY1 deficiency through developing therapeutics that are efficient and inexpensive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586|title=Grace Science Foundation|website=rarediseases.info.nih.gov|access-date=February 12, 2020|archive-date=October 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022170634/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2019, she co-founded both OliLux Biosciences and Lycia Therapeutics. OliLux Biosciences develops new methods for tuberculosis detection.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dinkele|first1=Ryan|last2=Gessner|first2=Sophia|last3=Koch|first3=Anastasia S.|last4=Morrow|first4=Carl|last5=Gqada|first5=Melitta|last6=Kamariza|first6=Mireille|last7=Bertozzi|first7=Carolyn R.|last8=Smith|first8=Brian|last9=McLoud|first9=Courtney|last10=Kamholz|first10=Andrew|last11=Bryden|first11=Wayne|date=December 27, 2019|title=Capture and visualization of live Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli from tuberculosis bioaerosols|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.23.887729v1|journal=bioRxiv|language=en|pages=2019.12.23.887729|doi=10.1101/2019.12.23.887729|s2cid=213539003|doi-access=free}}</ref> The founding of Lycia Therapeutics occurred when Bertozzi's group discovered lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs). The new molecule class may be able to degrade some cardiovascular disease and cancer targets.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Banik|first1=Steven|last2=Pedram|first2=Kayvon|last3=Wisnovsky|first3=Simon|last4=Riley|first4=Nicholas|last5=Bertozzi|first5=Carolyn|date=November 20, 2019|title=Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) for the Degradation of Secreted and Membrane Proteins|journal=Figshare|url=https://chemrxiv.org/articles/Lysosome_Targeting_Chimeras_LYTACs_for_the_Degradation_of_Secreted_and_Membrane_Proteins/7927061|language=en|doi=10.26434/chemrxiv.7927061.v2|s2cid=213002729 }}</ref> Lycia Therapeutics focuses on developing technology which utilizes lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs).<ref name=":2" />
Bertozzi also previously served on the research advisory board of several pharmaceutical companies including [[GlaxoSmithKline]], and until 2021 [[Eli Lilly and Company|Eli Lilly]].<ref>{{Cite press release |last=Company |first=Eli Lilly and |title=Lilly Announces that Professor Carolyn Bertozzi has Resigned from its Board of Directors |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lilly-announces-that-professor-carolyn-bertozzi-has-resigned-from-its-board-of-directors-301362134.html |access-date=March 16, 2022 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>
===Publications===
Bertozzi has over 600 publications on [[Web of Science]]; the most cited are:
*{{cite journal|pages=6974–98|doi=10.1002/anie.200900942|title=Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality|year=2009|last1=Sletten|first1=EM|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English|volume=48|issue=38|pmid=19714693|pmc=2864149|last2=Bertozzi|first2=CR}}
*{{cite journal |pages=2357–64 |doi=10.1126/science.1059820 |title=Chemical Glycobiology |year=2001 |last1=Bertozzi |first1=Carolyn R. |journal=Science |volume=291 |issue=5512 |pmid=11269316 |last2=Kiessling |first2=Laura L. |s2cid=9585674 |bibcode = 2001Sci...291.2357B }}
*{{cite journal |pages=2007–10 |doi=10.1126/science.287.5460.2007 |title=Cell Surface Engineering by a Modified Staudinger Reaction |year=2000 |last1=Saxon |first1=Eliana |journal=Science |volume=287 |issue=5460 |pmid=10720325 |last2=Bertozzi |first2=Carolyn R.|s2cid=19720277 |bibcode=2000Sci...287.2007S}}
*{{cite journal|pages=15046–15047|doi=10.1021/ja044996f|title=A Strain-Promoted [3 + 2] Azide−Alkyne Cycloaddition for Covalent Modification of Biomolecules in Living Systems|year=2005|last1=Agard |first1=Nicholas J. |last2=Prescher|first2=Jennifer A.|last3=Bertozzi|first3=Carolyn R.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=126|pmid=15547999|issue=46}}
*{{Cite journal|last1=Dube|first1=DH|last2=Bertozzi|first2=CR|title=Glycans in cancer and inflammation—potential for therapeutics and diagnostics|journal= Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|volume=4|issue=6|pages=477–88 |doi=10.1038/nrd1751|pmid=15931257|year=2005|s2cid=22525932}}
===Awards and honors===
[[File:Carolyn Bertozzi IMG 9372.jpg|thumb|300px|Carolyn Bertozzi, receiving the Emanuel Merck Lectureship in 2011]]
*1987 – [[Phi Beta Kappa]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chuang|first=Theodore D.|date=December 7, 1987|title=Harvard Phi Beta Kappa Inductees Announced {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/12/7/harvard-phi-beta-kappa-inductees-announced/|url-status=live|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=www.thecrimson.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130910165402/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/12/7/harvard-phi-beta-kappa-inductees-announced/ |archive-date=September 10, 2013 }}</ref>
*1997 – [[Alfred P. Sloan Foundation|Alfred P. Sloan]] Research Fellowship<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=November 4, 2002|title=Dr. Bertozzi to Speak at Drug Discovery Symposium|url=https://news.feinberg.northwestern.edu/2002/11/bertozzi_symposium/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=News Center|language=en-US}}</ref>
*1997 – Horace S. Isbell Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry<ref>{{Cite web|title=Horace S. Isbell Award|url=https://acscarb.org/awards/isbell-award/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=ACS Carbohydrate|language=en-US}}</ref>
*1998 – [[Glaxo Wellcome]] Scholars' Award<ref name=":5" />
*1998 – [[Beckman Young Investigators Award]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi |url=http://www.beckman-foundation.org/beckman-young-investigators/carolyn-r-bertozzi |website=Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation |accessdate=August 1, 2018 |archive-date=August 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802041126/http://www.beckman-foundation.org/beckman-young-investigators/carolyn-r-bertozzi |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*1999 – [[Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award]] of the [[American Chemical Society]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arthur C. Cope Scholar Awards|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/arthur-cope-scholar-award.html|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=American Chemical Society|language=en}}</ref>
*1999 – Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award<ref name=":5" />
*1999 – [[MacArthur Fellowship]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Major Awards & Honors {{!}} College of Chemistry|url=https://chemistry.berkeley.edu/awards-honors|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=chemistry.berkeley.edu}}</ref>
*2000 – [[Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov/WH/EOP/OSTP/html/00413_2.html|title=President Honors Outstanding Young Scientists|website=clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2000 – [[Merck & Co.|Merck]] Academic Development Program Award<ref name=":5" />
*2001 – UC Berkeley Distinguished Teaching Award<ref name=":3" />
*2001 – [[ACS Award in Pure Chemistry]]<ref name=":5" />
*2001 – Donald Sterling Noyce Prize for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching<ref name=":3" />
*2001 – Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]<ref name="Korte">{{cite news |last1=Korte |first1=Andrea |title=AAAS Fellows Carolyn Bertozzi and K. Barry Sharpless Receive Nobel Prize in Chemistry {{!}} American Association for the Advancement of Science |url=https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-fellows-carolyn-bertozzi-and-k-barry-sharpless-receive-nobel-prize-chemistry?et_rid=162180701&et_cid=4466269 |access-date=29 October 2022 |work=American Association for the Advancement of Science |date=5 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
*2002 – Irving Sigal Young Investigator Award of the Protein Society<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=UC Berkeley chemist, biologist, entrepreneur awarded $500,000 Lemelson–MIT Prize {{!}} Research UC Berkeley|url=https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/uc-berkeley-chemist-biologist-entrepreneur-awarded-500000-lemelson-mit-prize|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=vcresearch.berkeley.edu}}</ref>
*2003 – Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref name=AAAS>{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|accessdate=June 24, 2011}}</ref>
*2003 – Havinga Medal, Univ. Leiden<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laureates |url=https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/havinga-foundation/laureates |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.universiteitleiden.nl |language=en}}</ref>
*2004 – [[Agnes Fay Morgan Research Award]] of [[Iota Sigma Pi]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=2004 IOTA SIGMA PI AGNES FAY MORGAN RESEARCH AWARD |url=http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/agnesfaymorgan/2004.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501165437/http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/agnesfaymorgan/2004.pdf |archive-date=2019-05-01 |access-date= |website=Iota Sigma Pi}}</ref>
*2005 – Member of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]<ref name=":3" />
*2005 – T.Z. and Irmgard Chu Distinguished Professorship in Chemistry<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/05/03_nas.shtml|title=05.03.2005 – Three UC Berkeley faculty named to National Academy of Sciences|website=www.berkeley.edu|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2007 – [[Ernst Schering Prize]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ernst Schering Prize 2007 – Schering Stiftung|url=https://scheringstiftung.de/en/programm/lebenswissenschaften/ernst-schering-preis/ernst-schering-preis-2007/|access-date=June 1, 2021|language=en-US}}</ref>
*2007 – LGBTQ Scientist of the Year Award – from the [[National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientists and Technical Professionals]]<ref name=Cassell/><ref name="auto"/>
*2008 – Li Ka Shing Women in Science Award<ref name=":4" />
*2008 – Roy L. Whistler International Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kamerling|first=Johannis P.|date=March 1, 2008|title=The Roy L. Whistler International Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry 2008|url=https://academic.oup.com/glycob/article/18/3/209/1988289|journal=Glycobiology|language=en|volume=18|issue=3|pages=209|doi=10.1093/glycob/cwn005|pmid=18326004|issn=0959-6658|doi-access=free}}</ref>
*2008 – Member of the [[German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leopoldina.org/en/members/list-of-members/member/1308/|title=List of Members|website=www.leopoldina.org|accessdate=October 8, 2017}}</ref>
*2008 – [[Willard Gibbs Award]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.chicagoacs.net/meetings/08may.html|title=ACS May Gibbs Award Meeting|website=archive.chicagoacs.net|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2009 – [[William H. Nichols Medal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nichols Medal|url=http://newyorkacs.online/nichols_medal/|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=newyorkacs.online|language=en}}</ref>
*2009 – Harrison Howe Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cen.acs.org/articles/87/i8/Carolyn-Bertozzi-Wins-Harrison-Howe.html?type=paidArticleContent|title=Carolyn Bertozzi Wins Harrison Howe Award {{!}} February 23, 2009, Issue – Vol. 87 Issue 8 {{!}} Chemical & Engineering News|website=cen.acs.org|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2009 – Albert Hofmann Medal, Univ. Zurich<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry |url=https://www.leopoldina.org/en/press-1/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-awarded-nobel-prize-in-chemistry/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften Leopoldina |language=en-US}}</ref>
*2010 – [[Lemelson–MIT Prize]]<ref name=lemelson>{{cite web|title=Carolyn Bertozzi 2010 Lemelson–MIT Prize|url=http://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|publisher=MIT|accessdate=May 13, 2014|archive-date=August 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810095535/https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2010 – [[Royal Society of Chemistry]] – Organic Division, Bioorganic Chemistry Award
*2011 – Member of the [[Institute Of Medicine|Institute of Medicine]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.berkeley.edu/2011/10/17/two-uc-berkeley-faculty-elected-to-iom/|title=Two UC Berkeley faculty named to Institute of Medicine|website=Berkeley News|language=en-US|access-date=February 10, 2020|date=November 30, 2001}}</ref>
*2011 – Tetrahedron Young Investigator Award for Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/bioorganic-and-medicinal-chemistry-letters/vol/21/issue/17|title=Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters {{!}} Tetrahedron Young Investigator Award 2011: Carolyn R. Bertozzi {{!}} ScienceDirect.com|website=www.sciencedirect.com|language=en-us|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2011 – [[Emanuel Merck Lectureship]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=EM Lectureship – Research {{!}} Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany|url=https://www.emdgroup.com/en/research/grants-and-awards/emanuel-merck-lectureship.html|access-date=June 1, 2021|website=www.emdgroup.com|language=en}}</ref>
*2012 – Honorary Doctorate of Science from [[Brown University]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Simmons among nine honorary degree recipients|url=http://news.brown.edu/pressreleases/2012/05/hdcitations#Bertozzi|publisher=Brown University|accessdate=May 28, 2014|date=May 16, 2012}}</ref>
*2012 – [[Heinrich Wieland Prize]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Heinrich Wieland Prize 2012 goes to Carolyn R. Bertozzi |url=http://www.heinrich-wieland-preis.de/index/getnews/id/15 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140702042822/http://www.heinrich-wieland-preis.de/index/getnews/id/15 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 2, 2014 |publisher=Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation |accessdate=June 30, 2014 |date=October 18, 2012 }}</ref>
*2013 – Elected Fellow of the [[National Academy of Inventors]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/carolyn-bertozzi-and-george-smoot-elected-national-academy-inventors|title=Carolyn Bertozzi and George Smoot Elected to National Academy of Inventors {{!}} Research UC Berkeley|website=vcresearch.berkeley.edu|access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref>
*2013 – Hans Bloemendal Award<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.rimls.nl/symposia/frontiers-2013/bloemendal-medal/|title=Bloemendal Medal|website=www2.rimls.nl|access-date=September 7, 2019|archive-date=June 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043303/http://www2.rimls.nl/symposia/frontiers-2013/bloemendal-medal/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2015 – [[UCSF]] 150th Anniversary Alumni Excellence Awards<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/carolyn-bertozzi|title=Carolyn Bertozzi|website=Bertozzi Group|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2017 – [[Arthur C. Cope Award]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Arthur C. Cope Awards|date=August 25, 2016 |url=https://www.organicdivision.org/cope}}</ref>
*2018 – Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/news/2018/05/distinguished-scientists-elected-fellows-royal-society-2018/|title=Distinguished scientists elected as Fellows and Foreign Members of the Royal Society |publisher=The Royal Society|date=May 9, 2018|accessdate=May 10, 2018 }}</ref>
*2020 – John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/2020-awards/Bertozzi.html|title=Carolyn Bertozzi|website=www.nasonline.org|access-date=January 22, 2020}}</ref>
*2020 – [[Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.solvay.com/en/innovation/encourage-science/chemistry-future-solvay-prize/2020-laureate|title=Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize – The 2020 Laureate|website=Solvay|language=en|access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref>
*2020 – F. A. Cotton Medal for Excellence in Chemical Research<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chem.tamu.edu/medals+lectureships/cotton-medal/|title=F.A. Cotton Medal|website=chem.tamu.edu|access-date=June 9, 2020}}</ref>
*2022 – [[Wolf Prize in Chemistry]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wolffund.org.il/2022/02/08/carolyn-r-bertozzi/|title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi|date=February 8, 2022|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – [[Heineken Prizes|Dr H. P. Heineken Prize for Biochemistry and Biophysics]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theheinekencompany.com/newsroom/winners-of-heineken-prizes-2022-announced/|title=Winners of Heineken Prizes 2022 announced|publisher=[[Heineken]]|date=June 8, 2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – [[Dickson Prize]] in Medicine<ref>[http://www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu/recipients/2022-bertozzi.php Dickson Prize 2022]</ref>
*2022 – [[Welch Award in Chemistry]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://welch1.org/awards/welch-award-in-chemistry|title=Welch Award in Chemistry|website=Welch|accessdate=October 5, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – Bijvoet Medal of the [[Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research]] of [[Utrecht University]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uu.nl/en/news/bijvoet-medals-awarded-to-carolyn-bertozzi-and-vishva-dixit|title=Bijvoet Medals awarded to Carolyn Bertozzi and Vishva Dixit|publisher=[[Utrecht University]]|date=October 3, 2022|accessdate=October 3, 2022}}</ref>
*2022 – Lifetime Mentor Award, [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].<ref name="Jilani">{{cite news |last1=Jilani |first1=Zaid |title=Carolyn R. Bertozzi Wins 2022 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award {{!}} American Association for the Advancement of Science |url=https://www.aaas.org/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1667060068 |access-date=29 October 2022 |work=American Association for the Advancement of Science |date=10 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Korte"/>
*2022 – [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]<ref name="nobelprize"/>
*2023 – [[Roger Adams Award]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.organicdivision.org/adamsaward/|title=Roger Adams Award|website=www.organicdivision.org|accessdate=February 28, 2023}}</ref>
*2023 – [[AACR Awards|AACR]] Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Laureate Carolyn R. Bertozzi, PhD, to Receive 2023 AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research |url=https://www.aacr.org/about-the-aacr/newsroom/news-releases/nobel-laureate-carolyn-r-bertozzi-phd-to-receive-2023-aacr-award-for-outstanding-achievement-in-chemistry-in-cancer-research/ |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) |language=en}}</ref>
==Personal life==
Bertozzi grew up in [[Lexington, Massachusetts]], the daughter of the late Norma Gloria (Berringer) and William Bertozzi.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/bostonglobe/name/norma-bertozzi-obituary?id=30733422 | title=NORMA GLORIA BERTOZZI Obituary (2021) Boston Globe | website=[[Legacy.com]] }}</ref> Her father was of [[Italian Americans|Italian descent]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lavocedinewyork.com/en/news/2022/10/05/italian-american-scientist-carolyn-bertozzi-wins-the-nobel-prize-in-chemistry|title=Italian American Scientist Carolyn Bertozzi Wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry|date=October 5, 2022 }}</ref> Her maternal grandparents were from [[Nova Scotia]], [[Canada]].<ref name=":6">{{cite web | url=https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/3xomins | title=Oral history interview with Carolyn R. Bertozzi }}</ref> She has two sisters, one of whom, [[Andrea Bertozzi]], is on the mathematics faculty at the [[University of California, Los Angeles]].<ref name="UCLA">{{cite web|url=https://www.math.ucla.edu/~bertozzi/|title=UCLA Math Department Faculty|accessdate=June 4, 2012}}</ref> Her father was a physics professor at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/bertozzi_william.html|title=MIT Physics Department Faculty|accessdate=June 4, 2012}}</ref><ref name=Davis/>
Bertozzi and her two sisters grew up around science. Because their father was a physics professor, when asked what she and her sisters wanted to be when they grew up, the answer was unanimous: a nuclear physicist. The three girls would attend MIT camps, as their father dreamt that they would attend MIT due to a "mixture of pride and the promise of free tuition." To William's dismay, Carolyn attended Harvard instead because the school offered strengths outside of just science.<ref name=Davis/>
Bertozzi briefly considered a career in music. In high school, she won several awards for music compositions and musical accomplishments. Her talent on the keyboard earned her offers as a music major from several university rock bands, but she felt that she was "always centered on the sciences".<ref name=Davis/> Bertozzi is a [[lesbian]] and has been out since the late 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Navals|first=Pauline|date=April 5, 2022|title=ONE ON ONE WITH CAROLYN BERTOZZI|journal=Chemical & Engineering News|language=en|url=https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/One-on-one-with-Carolyn-Bertozzi/100/i12}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="nobelprize"><!-- https://archive.today/20221005095217/ --> {{cite press release |title=Press release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 |date=October 5, 2022 |publisher=The Nobel Prize |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/press-release/}}</ref>
}}
==External links==
{{Scholia}}
* {{official website|https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/}} of Bertozzi Research Group
* [https://www.ted.com/talks/carolyn_bertozzi_what_the_sugar_coating_on_your_cells_is_trying_to_tell_you/up-next What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you] – TED Talk
{{Commons category|Carolyn Bertozzi}}
* {{nobelprize}}
*[https://oa.mg/author/A2248816173 Bertozzi's] ''et al.'' publication list
*{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hardcastle M |title=QnAs with Carolyn R. Bertozzi |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |year=2023 |volume=120 |issue=1 |pages=e2220665120|doi=10.1073/pnas.2220665120 |pmid=36584297 |pmc=9910447 |bibcode=2023PNAS..12020665H }}
{{ACS Chemical Biology Lectureship}}
{{FRS 2018}}
{{Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates 2001–2025}}
{{2022 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bertozzi, Carolyn}}
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:21st-century American women]]
[[Category:21st-century American LGBT people]]
[[Category:21st-century American chemists]]
[[Category:American women chemists]]
[[Category:Bijvoet Medal recipients]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Microbiology]]
[[Category:Foreign Members of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Harvard College alumni]]
[[Category:Howard Hughes Medical Investigators]]
[[Category:American people of Italian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Canadian descent]]
[[Category:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory people]]
[[Category:American LGBT academics]]
[[Category:LGBT Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:LGBT people from Massachusetts]]
[[Category:American LGBT scientists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:MacArthur Fellows]]
[[Category:Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina]]
[[Category:Members of the National Academy of Medicine]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Chemistry]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers]]
[[Category:Stanford University Department of Chemistry faculty]]
[[Category:UC Berkeley College of Chemistry alumni]]
[[Category:UC Berkeley College of Chemistry faculty]]
[[Category:University of California, San Francisco alumni]]
[[Category:Women Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:Chemists from Massachusetts]]' |
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140 => 'https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chembiol.2004.02.008',
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142 => 'https://doi.org/10.1101%2F2019.12.23.887729',
143 => 'https://doi.org/10.26434%2Fchemrxiv.7927061.v2',
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153 => 'https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrd1751',
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155 => 'https://www.organicdivision.org/adamsaward/',
156 => 'https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2001004919',
157 => 'http://www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu/recipients/2022-bertozzi.php',
158 => 'https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023PNAS..12020665H',
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162 => 'https://dblp.org/pid/198/6199',
163 => 'https://www.leopoldina.org/mitgliederverzeichnis/mitglieder/member/Member/show/carolyn-bertozzi/',
164 => 'https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9812842582205606',
165 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20130516204149/http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html',
166 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190806163551/https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm',
167 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190706121526/https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/',
168 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20201022170634/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586',
169 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180802041126/http://www.beckman-foundation.org/beckman-young-investigators/carolyn-r-bertozzi',
170 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043303/http://www2.rimls.nl/symposia/frontiers-2013/bloemendal-medal/',
171 => 'https://www.aacr.org/about-the-aacr/newsroom/news-releases/nobel-laureate-carolyn-r-bertozzi-phd-to-receive-2023-aacr-award-for-outstanding-achievement-in-chemistry-in-cancer-research/',
172 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190501165437/http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/agnesfaymorgan/2004.pdf',
173 => 'http://www.iotasigmapi.info/awards/agnesfaymorgan/2004.pdf',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American chemist (born 1966)</div>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1218072481">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn">Carolyn Bertozzi</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:Error mw:File/Frameless"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Upload?wpDestFile=Data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxMTEhUTExIWFRUXGBcZGBcXFhUYFRgXFRcXFhUVFxUYHSggGBolHRUVITEhJSkrLi4uFx8zODMtNygtLisBCgoKDg0OGxAQGi0lHyUtLS0tLS0tLS0vLS0vLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLf/AABEIAOEA4AMBIgACEQEDEQH/" class="new" title="File:Data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxMTEhUTExIWFRUXGBcZGBcXFhUYFRgXFRcXFhUVFxUYHSggGBolHRUVITEhJSkrLi4uFx8zODMtNygtLisBCgoKDg0OGxAQGi0lHyUtLS0tLS0tLS0vLS0vLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLf/AABEIAOEA4AMBIgACEQEDEQH/"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media">File:Data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wCEAAkGBxMTEhUTExIWFRUXGBcZGBcXFhUYFRgXFRcXFhUVFxUYHSggGBolHRUVITEhJSkrLi4uFx8zODMtNygtLisBCgoKDg0OGxAQGi0lHyUtLS0tLS0tLS0vLS0vLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLf/AABEIAOEA4AMBIgACEQEDEQH/</span></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bertozzi in 2022</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1966-10-10</span>) </span>October 10, 1966<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 57)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">MS</a>, <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bioorthogonal_chemistry" title="Bioorthogonal chemistry">Bioorthogonal chemistry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal charges</th><td class="infobox-data">Tax Evasion, Stealling a vibrator from walmart in 2007</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Ethan Crumbley</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Bertozzi" title="Andrea Bertozzi">Andrea Bertozzi</a> (sister)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Foundation_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Foundation Fellowship">MacArthur Foundation Fellowship</a> (1999)</li><li><a href="/wiki/ACS_Award_in_Pure_Chemistry" title="ACS Award in Pure Chemistry">ACS Award in Pure Chemistry</a> (2001)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Lemelson%E2%80%93MIT_Prize" title="Lemelson–MIT Prize">Lemelson–MIT Prize</a> (2010)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Wieland_Prize" title="Heinrich Wieland Prize">Heinrich Wieland Prize</a> (2012)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Prize" title="Wolf Prize">Wolf Prize</a> (2022)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Dickson_Prize" title="Dickson Prize">Dickson Prize</a> (2022)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Welch_Award_in_Chemistry" title="Welch Award in Chemistry">Welch Award in Chemistry</a> (2022)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> (2022)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">Chemistry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Francisco" title="University of California, San Francisco">University of California, San Francisco</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/304068526/">Synthesis and biological activity of carbon-linked glycosides</a></i> <span style="font-size:97%;">(1993)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mark D. Bednarski</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral students</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Marcaurelle" title="Lisa Marcaurelle">Lisa Marcaurelle</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Hang" title="Howard Hang">Howard Hang</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mireille_Kamariza" title="Mireille Kamariza">Mireille Kamariza</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lara_Mahal" title="Lara Mahal">Lara Mahal</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Prescher" title="Jennifer Prescher">Jennifer Prescher</a><sup id="cite_ref-pphd_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pphd-1">[1]</a></sup></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1218072481"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/talks/carolyn_bertozzi_what_the_sugar_coating_on_your_cells_is_trying_to_tell_you">"What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you"</a>, TEDx Stanford</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1667060068">"Carolyn R. Bertozzi Wins 2022 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award"</a>, AAAS, 10 February 2022</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi</b> (born October 10, 1966) is an American <a href="/wiki/Chemist" title="Chemist">chemist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Laureate_in_Chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Laureate in Chemistry">Nobel laureate</a>, known for her wide-ranging work spanning both chemistry and biology. She coined the term "<a href="/wiki/Bioorthogonal_chemistry" title="Bioorthogonal chemistry">bioorthogonal chemistry</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> for chemical reactions compatible with living systems. Her recent efforts include synthesis of chemical tools to study cell surface sugars called glycans and how they affect diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and viral infections like <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, she holds the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professorship in the School of Humanities and Sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-Adams_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adams-4">[4]</a></sup> Bertozzi is also an Investigator at the <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes_Medical_Institute" title="Howard Hughes Medical Institute">Howard Hughes Medical Institute</a> (HHMI)<sup id="cite_ref-GLBT_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLBT-5">[5]</a></sup> and is the former director of the <a href="/wiki/Molecular_Foundry" title="Molecular Foundry">Molecular Foundry</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Nanoscience" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanoscience">nanoscience</a> research center at <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HHMI_Bio_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HHMI_Bio-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>She received the <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellowship">MacArthur "genius" award</a> at age 33.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> In 2010, she was the first woman to receive the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Lemelson%E2%80%93MIT_Prize" title="Lemelson–MIT Prize">Lemelson–MIT Prize</a> faculty award. She is a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> (2005), the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Medicine">Institute of Medicine</a> (2011), and the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Inventors" title="National Academy of Inventors">National Academy of Inventors</a> (2013). In 2014, it was announced that Bertozzi would lead <i><a href="/wiki/ACS_Central_Science" title="ACS Central Science">ACS Central Science</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/American_Chemical_Society" title="American Chemical Society">American Chemical Society</a>'s first peer-reviewed <a href="/wiki/Open_access_journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Open access journal">open access journal</a>, which offers all content free to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> Since 2021 she has been a member of the <a href="/wiki/Accademia_dei_Lincei" title="Accademia dei Lincei">Accademia dei Lincei</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
As an open lesbian in academia and science, Bertozzi has been a role model for students and colleagues.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassell_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassell-10">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi was awarded the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a>, jointly with <a href="/wiki/Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Morten P. Meldal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a>, "for the development of <a href="/wiki/Click_chemistry" title="Click chemistry">click chemistry</a> and bioorthogonal chemistry".<sup id="cite_ref-nobelprize_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobelprize-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Education"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Education</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Career_and_research"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Career and research</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Biotechnology_startups"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Biotechnology startups</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Publications"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Publications</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Awards_and_honors"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Awards and honors</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Personal_life"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Personal life</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Education">Education</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Carolyn Bertozzi received her B.A., <i><a href="/wiki/Summa_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Summa cum laude">summa cum laude</a></i>, in <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a> from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, where she worked with Professor Joe Grabowski on the design and construction of a photoacoustic calorimeter.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> Grabowski was impressed with her work and required Bertozzi to write a thesis on this project, which was submitted and Bertozzi won the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_T._Hoopes_Prize" title="Thomas T. Hoopes Prize">Thomas T. Hoopes Undergraduate Thesis Prize</a> with a large prize money.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14">[14]</a></sup> While an undergraduate, she played in several bands, notably Bored of Education with future <a href="/wiki/Rage_Against_the_Machine" title="Rage Against the Machine">Rage Against the Machine</a> guitarist <a href="/wiki/Tom_Morello" title="Tom Morello">Tom Morello</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIGMS_Bio_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIGMS_Bio-15">[15]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> After graduating from Harvard in 1988, she worked at <a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a> with Chris Chidsey.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi completed her Ph.D. in chemistry at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> in 1993 with Mark Bednarski, working on the <a href="/wiki/Chemical_synthesis" title="Chemical synthesis">chemical synthesis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Oligosaccharide" title="Oligosaccharide">oligosaccharide</a> analogs.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Infectious_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Infectious-19">[19]</a></sup> While at Berkeley, she discovered that viruses can bind to sugars in the body.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20">[20]</a></sup> The discovery led to her field of research, <a href="/wiki/Glycobiology" title="Glycobiology">glycobiology</a>. During Bertozzi's third year of graduate school, Bednarski was diagnosed with colon cancer, which resulted in him taking a leave of absence and changing his career path by enrolling in medical school. This left Bertozzi and the rest of the lab to complete their Ph.D. work with no direct supervision.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Career_and_research">Career and research</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career and research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>After graduating from Berkeley with a Ph.D., Bertozzi was a <a href="/wiki/Postdoctoral" class="mw-redirect" title="Postdoctoral">postdoctoral</a> <a href="/wiki/Fellow" title="Fellow">fellow</a> at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Francisco" title="University of California, San Francisco">University of California, San Francisco</a> (UCSF) with Steven Rosen, where she studied the activity of <a href="/wiki/Endothelial" class="mw-redirect" title="Endothelial">endothelial</a> oligosaccharides in promoting cell adhesion at <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammation</a> sites.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-23">[23]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gardiner_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardiner-24">[24]</a></sup> While working with Rosen at UCSF, Bertozzi was able to modify the protein and sugar molecules in the walls of living cells so that the cells accept foreign materials such as implants.<sup id="cite_ref-CHFBio_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CHFBio-25">[25]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1996 Bertozzi became a faculty member in the <a href="/wiki/UC_Berkeley_College_of_Chemistry" title="UC Berkeley College of Chemistry">UC Berkeley College of Chemistry</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> and a faculty scientist at <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a>, where she served as the director of the <a href="/wiki/Molecular_Foundry" title="Molecular Foundry">Molecular Foundry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-23">[23]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> She has been an investigator with <a href="/wiki/HHMI" class="mw-redirect" title="HHMI">HHMI</a> since 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-HHMI_Bio_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HHMI_Bio-6">[6]</a></sup> In 1999, while working with HHMI and at Berkeley, she founded the field of <a href="/wiki/Bioorthogonal_chemistry" title="Bioorthogonal chemistry">bioorthogonal chemistry</a> and coined the term in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup> This new field and technique allows researchers to chemically modify molecules in living organisms and not interrupt the processes of the cell.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup> In 2015, Bertozzi moved to Stanford University to join the ChEM-H Institute.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi studies the <a href="/wiki/Glycobiology" title="Glycobiology">glycobiology</a> of underlying diseases such as <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>, inflammatory disorders such as <a href="/wiki/Arthritis" title="Arthritis">arthritis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Infectious_diseases" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious diseases">infectious diseases</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>. In particular, Bertozzi has advanced the understanding of cell surface <a href="/wiki/Oligosaccharides" class="mw-redirect" title="Oligosaccharides">oligosaccharides</a> involved in cell recognition and inter-cellular communication. Bertozzi has applied the techniques of <a href="/wiki/Bioorthogonal_chemistry" title="Bioorthogonal chemistry">bioorthogonal chemistry</a> to study <a href="/wiki/Glycocalyx" title="Glycocalyx">glycocalyx</a>, the sugars that surround the cell membrane. Her discoveries have advanced the field of biotherapeutics.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup> Her lab has also developed tools for research. One such development is creating chemical tools for studying <a href="/wiki/Glycans" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycans">glycans</a> in living systems.<sup id="cite_ref-HHMI_Bio_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HHMI_Bio-6">[6]</a></sup> Her lab's development of <a href="/wiki/Nanotechnologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanotechnologies">nanotechnologies</a> which probe biological systems lead to the development of a fast point-of-care tuberculosis test in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-lemelson_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lemelson-34">[34]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup> In 2017, due to her lab's discovery of linking the sugars on the surface of cancer cells and their ability to avoid the immune system defenses, she was invited to speak at Stanford's <a href="/wiki/TED_talk" class="mw-redirect" title="TED talk">TED talk</a>, giving a talk entitled "What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Biotechnology_startups">Biotechnology startups</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Biotechnology startups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In 2001, Bertozzi and Steve Rosen co-founded <b>Thios Pharmaceuticals</b> in <a href="/wiki/Emeryville,_California" title="Emeryville, California">Emeryville, California</a>, the first company to target <a href="/wiki/Sulfation" title="Sulfation">sulfation</a> pathways.<sup id="cite_ref-thios_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thios-37">[37]</a></sup> Thios Pharmaceuticals dissolved in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2008, Bertozzi founded a startup of her own: <b>Redwood Bioscience</b> also in Emeryville, California.<sup id="cite_ref-McCook_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCook-39">[39]</a></sup> Redwood Bioscience is a biotechnology company that uses SMARTag, a site-specific protein modification technology that allows small drugs to attach to sites on the proteins and can be used to help fight cancers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-20">[20]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-40">[40]</a></sup> Redwood Bioscience was acquired by Catalent Pharma Solutions in 2014. Bertozzi remains a part of the advisory board for the biologics sector of the company.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-40">[40]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2014, she co-founded <b>Enable Biosciences</b><sup id="cite_ref-:2_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a></sup> of <a href="/wiki/South_San_Francisco,_California" title="South San Francisco, California">South San Francisco, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-enable_hq_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enable_hq-41">[41]</a></sup> It focuses on biotechnologies for at-home diagnoses for <a href="/wiki/Type_1_diabetes" title="Type 1 diabetes">type 1 diabetes</a>, <a href="/wiki/HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a>, and other diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-enable_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enable-42">[42]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi became a co-founder of <b>Palleon Pharma</b> of <a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham, Massachusetts</a>, in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup> Palleon Pharma focuses on investigating glycoimmune checkpoint inhibitors as a potential treatment for cancer.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2017, Bertozzi helped found <b>InterVenn Biosciences</b>, which uses <a href="/wiki/Mass_spectrometry" title="Mass spectrometry">mass spectrometry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a> to enhance <a href="/wiki/Glycoproteomics" title="Glycoproteomics">glycoproteomics</a> for target and <a href="/wiki/Biomarker" title="Biomarker">biomarker</a> discovery, <a href="/wiki/Ovarian_cancer" title="Ovarian cancer">ovarian cancer</a> diagnostics, and predicting the successes and failures of clinical trials.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup>
</p><p>She co-founded Grace Science Foundation in 2018. The foundation focuses on curing NGLY1 deficiency through developing therapeutics that are efficient and inexpensive.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2019, she co-founded both OliLux Biosciences and Lycia Therapeutics. OliLux Biosciences develops new methods for tuberculosis detection.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></sup> The founding of Lycia Therapeutics occurred when Bertozzi's group discovered lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs). The new molecule class may be able to degrade some cardiovascular disease and cancer targets.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></sup> Lycia Therapeutics focuses on developing technology which utilizes lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi also previously served on the research advisory board of several pharmaceutical companies including <a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" class="mw-redirect" title="GlaxoSmithKline">GlaxoSmithKline</a>, and until 2021 <a href="/wiki/Eli_Lilly_and_Company" title="Eli Lilly and Company">Eli Lilly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Publications">Publications</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>Bertozzi has over 600 publications on <a href="/wiki/Web_of_Science" title="Web of Science">Web of Science</a>; the most cited are:
</p>
<ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1215172403">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSlettenBertozzi2009" class="citation journal cs1">Sletten, EM; Bertozzi, CR (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2864149">"Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality"</a>. <i>Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English</i>. <b>48</b> (38): 6974–98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fanie.200900942">10.1002/anie.200900942</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2864149">2864149</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19714693">19714693</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Angewandte+Chemie+International+Edition+in+English&rft.atitle=Bioorthogonal+Chemistry%3A+Fishing+for+Selectivity+in+a+Sea+of+Functionality&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=38&rft.pages=6974-98&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2864149%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19714693&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fanie.200900942&rft.aulast=Sletten&rft.aufirst=EM&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+CR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2864149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBertozziKiessling2001" class="citation journal cs1">Bertozzi, Carolyn R.; Kiessling, Laura L. (2001). "Chemical Glycobiology". <i>Science</i>. <b>291</b> (5512): 2357–64. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...291.2357B">2001Sci...291.2357B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1059820">10.1126/science.1059820</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11269316">11269316</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9585674">9585674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Chemical+Glycobiology&rft.volume=291&rft.issue=5512&rft.pages=2357-64&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1059820&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A9585674%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11269316&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001Sci...291.2357B&rft.aulast=Bertozzi&rft.aufirst=Carolyn+R.&rft.au=Kiessling%2C+Laura+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSaxonBertozzi2000" class="citation journal cs1">Saxon, Eliana; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (2000). "Cell Surface Engineering by a Modified Staudinger Reaction". <i>Science</i>. <b>287</b> (5460): 2007–10. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000Sci...287.2007S">2000Sci...287.2007S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.287.5460.2007">10.1126/science.287.5460.2007</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10720325">10720325</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:19720277">19720277</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Cell+Surface+Engineering+by+a+Modified+Staudinger+Reaction&rft.volume=287&rft.issue=5460&rft.pages=2007-10&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.287.5460.2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A19720277%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10720325&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2000Sci...287.2007S&rft.aulast=Saxon&rft.aufirst=Eliana&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAgardPrescherBertozzi2005" class="citation journal cs1">Agard, Nicholas J.; Prescher, Jennifer A.; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (2005). "A Strain-Promoted [3 + 2] Azide−Alkyne Cycloaddition for Covalent Modification of Biomolecules in Living Systems". <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. <b>126</b> (46): 15046–15047. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fja044996f">10.1021/ja044996f</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15547999">15547999</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=A+Strain-Promoted+%5B3+%2B+2%5D+Azide%E2%88%92Alkyne+Cycloaddition+for+Covalent+Modification+of+Biomolecules+in+Living+Systems&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=46&rft.pages=15046-15047&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fja044996f&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15547999&rft.aulast=Agard&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+J.&rft.au=Prescher%2C+Jennifer+A.&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDubeBertozzi2005" class="citation journal cs1">Dube, DH; Bertozzi, CR (2005). "Glycans in cancer and inflammation—potential for therapeutics and diagnostics". <i>Nature Reviews Drug Discovery</i>. <b>4</b> (6): 477–88. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrd1751">10.1038/nrd1751</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15931257">15931257</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22525932">22525932</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Reviews+Drug+Discovery&rft.atitle=Glycans+in+cancer+and+inflammation%E2%80%94potential+for+therapeutics+and+diagnostics&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=477-88&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22525932%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15931257&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnrd1751&rft.aulast=Dube&rft.aufirst=DH&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+CR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg/300px-Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg/450px-Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg/600px-Carolyn_Bertozzi_IMG_9372.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Carolyn Bertozzi, receiving the Emanuel Merck Lectureship in 2011</figcaption></figure>
<ul><li>1987 – <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></sup></li>
<li>1997 – <a href="/wiki/Alfred_P._Sloan_Foundation" title="Alfred P. Sloan Foundation">Alfred P. Sloan</a> Research Fellowship<sup id="cite_ref-:5_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-51">[51]</a></sup></li>
<li>1997 – Horace S. Isbell Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></sup></li>
<li>1998 – <a href="/wiki/Glaxo_Wellcome" class="mw-redirect" title="Glaxo Wellcome">Glaxo Wellcome</a> Scholars' Award<sup id="cite_ref-:5_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-51">[51]</a></sup></li>
<li>1998 – <a href="/wiki/Beckman_Young_Investigators_Award" title="Beckman Young Investigators Award">Beckman Young Investigators Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></sup></li>
<li>1999 – <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Cope_Scholar_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award">Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Chemical_Society" title="American Chemical Society">American Chemical Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></sup></li>
<li>1999 – Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award<sup id="cite_ref-:5_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-51">[51]</a></sup></li>
<li>1999 – <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellowship">MacArthur Fellowship</a><sup id="cite_ref-:3_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-55">[55]</a></sup></li>
<li>2000 – <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Early_Career_Award_for_Scientists_and_Engineers" title="Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers">Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></sup></li>
<li>2000 – <a href="/wiki/Merck_%26_Co." title="Merck & Co.">Merck</a> Academic Development Program Award<sup id="cite_ref-:5_51-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-51">[51]</a></sup></li>
<li>2001 – UC Berkeley Distinguished Teaching Award<sup id="cite_ref-:3_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-55">[55]</a></sup></li>
<li>2001 – <a href="/wiki/ACS_Award_in_Pure_Chemistry" title="ACS Award in Pure Chemistry">ACS Award in Pure Chemistry</a><sup id="cite_ref-:5_51-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-51">[51]</a></sup></li>
<li>2001 – Donald Sterling Noyce Prize for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching<sup id="cite_ref-:3_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-55">[55]</a></sup></li>
<li>2001 – Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a><sup id="cite_ref-Korte_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Korte-57">[57]</a></sup></li>
<li>2002 – Irving Sigal Young Investigator Award of the Protein Society<sup id="cite_ref-:4_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-58">[58]</a></sup></li>
<li>2003 – Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a><sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-59">[59]</a></sup></li>
<li>2003 – Havinga Medal, Univ. Leiden<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></sup></li>
<li>2004 – <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Fay_Morgan_Research_Award" title="Agnes Fay Morgan Research Award">Agnes Fay Morgan Research Award</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iota_Sigma_Pi" title="Iota Sigma Pi">Iota Sigma Pi</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></sup></li>
<li>2005 – Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a><sup id="cite_ref-:3_55-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-55">[55]</a></sup></li>
<li>2005 – T.Z. and Irmgard Chu Distinguished Professorship in Chemistry<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></sup></li>
<li>2007 – <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Schering_Prize" title="Ernst Schering Prize">Ernst Schering Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></sup></li>
<li>2007 – LGBTQ Scientist of the Year Award – from the <a href="/wiki/National_Organization_of_Gay_and_Lesbian_Scientists_and_Technical_Professionals" class="mw-redirect" title="National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientists and Technical Professionals">National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientists and Technical Professionals</a><sup id="cite_ref-Cassell_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassell-10">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-11">[11]</a></sup></li>
<li>2008 – Li Ka Shing Women in Science Award<sup id="cite_ref-:4_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-58">[58]</a></sup></li>
<li>2008 – Roy L. Whistler International Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></sup></li>
<li>2008 – Member of the <a href="/wiki/German_Academy_of_Sciences_Leopoldina" class="mw-redirect" title="German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina">German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></sup></li>
<li>2008 – <a href="/wiki/Willard_Gibbs_Award" title="Willard Gibbs Award">Willard Gibbs Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></sup></li>
<li>2009 – <a href="/wiki/William_H._Nichols_Medal" title="William H. Nichols Medal">William H. Nichols Medal</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></sup></li>
<li>2009 – Harrison Howe Award<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></sup></li>
<li>2009 – Albert Hofmann Medal, Univ. Zurich<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></sup></li>
<li>2010 – <a href="/wiki/Lemelson%E2%80%93MIT_Prize" title="Lemelson–MIT Prize">Lemelson–MIT Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-lemelson_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lemelson-34">[34]</a></sup></li>
<li>2010 – <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Chemistry" title="Royal Society of Chemistry">Royal Society of Chemistry</a> – Organic Division, Bioorganic Chemistry Award</li>
<li>2011 – Member of the <a href="/wiki/Institute_Of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute Of Medicine">Institute of Medicine</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></sup></li>
<li>2011 – Tetrahedron Young Investigator Award for Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></sup></li>
<li>2011 – <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Merck_Lectureship" title="Emanuel Merck Lectureship">Emanuel Merck Lectureship</a><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></sup></li>
<li>2012 – Honorary Doctorate of Science from <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></sup></li>
<li>2012 – <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Wieland_Prize" title="Heinrich Wieland Prize">Heinrich Wieland Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></sup></li>
<li>2013 – Elected Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Inventors" title="National Academy of Inventors">National Academy of Inventors</a><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></sup></li>
<li>2013 – Hans Bloemendal Award<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></sup></li>
<li>2015 – <a href="/wiki/UCSF" class="mw-redirect" title="UCSF">UCSF</a> 150th Anniversary Alumni Excellence Awards<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a></sup></li>
<li>2017 – <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Cope_Award" title="Arthur C. Cope Award">Arthur C. Cope Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></sup></li>
<li>2018 – Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS)<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a></sup></li>
<li>2020 – John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></sup></li>
<li>2020 – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemistry_for_the_Future_Solvay_Prize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize (page does not exist)">Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></sup></li>
<li>2020 – F. A. Cotton Medal for Excellence in Chemical Research<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Wolf Prize in Chemistry">Wolf Prize in Chemistry</a><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – <a href="/wiki/Heineken_Prizes" title="Heineken Prizes">Dr H. P. Heineken Prize for Biochemistry and Biophysics</a><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – <a href="/wiki/Dickson_Prize" title="Dickson Prize">Dickson Prize</a> in Medicine<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – <a href="/wiki/Welch_Award_in_Chemistry" title="Welch Award in Chemistry">Welch Award in Chemistry</a><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – Bijvoet Medal of the <a href="/wiki/Bijvoet_Centre_for_Biomolecular_Research" title="Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research">Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research</a> of <a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht University</a><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – Lifetime Mentor Award, <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jilani_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jilani-88">[88]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Korte_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Korte-57">[57]</a></sup></li>
<li>2022 – <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a><sup id="cite_ref-nobelprize_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobelprize-12">[12]</a></sup></li>
<li>2023 – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Adams_Award&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Adams Award (page does not exist)">Roger Adams Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></sup></li>
<li>2023 – <a href="/wiki/AACR_Awards" title="AACR Awards">AACR</a> Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life">Personal life</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Bertozzi grew up in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts" title="Lexington, Massachusetts">Lexington, Massachusetts</a>, the daughter of the late Norma Gloria (Berringer) and William Bertozzi.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></sup> Her father was of <a href="/wiki/Italian_Americans" title="Italian Americans">Italian descent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a></sup> Her maternal grandparents were from <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14">[14]</a></sup> She has two sisters, one of whom, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Bertozzi" title="Andrea Bertozzi">Andrea Bertozzi</a>, is on the mathematics faculty at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UCLA_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCLA-93">[93]</a></sup> Her father was a physics professor at the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Davis_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi and her two sisters grew up around science. Because their father was a physics professor, when asked what she and her sisters wanted to be when they grew up, the answer was unanimous: a nuclear physicist. The three girls would attend MIT camps, as their father dreamt that they would attend MIT due to a "mixture of pride and the promise of free tuition." To William's dismay, Carolyn attended Harvard instead because the school offered strengths outside of just science.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>Bertozzi briefly considered a career in music. In high school, she won several awards for music compositions and musical accomplishments. Her talent on the keyboard earned her offers as a music major from several university rock bands, but she felt that she was "always centered on the sciences".<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-23">[23]</a></sup> Bertozzi is a <a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">lesbian</a> and has been out since the late 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<li id="cite_note-HHMI_Bio-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HHMI_Bio_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HHMI_Bio_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HHMI_Bio_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516204149/http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html">"Carolyn Bertozzi"</a>. HHMI. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bertozzi_bio.html">the original</a> on May 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi&rft.pub=HHMI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hhmi.org%2Fresearch%2Finvestigators%2Fbertozzi_bio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macfound.org/fellows/600/">"Carolyn Bertozzi, Organic Chemist"</a>. <i>MacArthur Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MacArthur+Foundation&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi%2C+Organic+Chemist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macfound.org%2Ffellows%2F600%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFWang" class="citation web cs1">Wang, Linda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/web/2014/09/Carolyn-Bertozzi-Lead-ACS-Central.html">"Carolyn Bertozzi To Lead ACS Central Science | Chemical & Engineering News"</a>. <i>cen.acs.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cen.acs.org&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi+To+Lead+ACS+Central+Science+%7C+Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Farticles%2F92%2Fweb%2F2014%2F09%2FCarolyn-Bertozzi-Lead-ACS-Central.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lincei.it/en/node/9765">"Alla lincea Carolyn Bertozzi uno dei Nobel per la Chimica 2022"</a> [Carolyn Bertozzi one of the 2022 Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry]. <i>www.lincei.it</i> (in Italian). Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lincei.it&rft.atitle=Alla+lincea+Carolyn+Bertozzi+uno+dei+Nobel+per+la+Chimica+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lincei.it%2Fen%2Fnode%2F9765&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Cassell-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cassell_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cassell_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCassell2007" class="citation news cs1">Cassell, Heather (February 22, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebar.com/story.php?ch=news&sc=&sc2=&id=237708">"Two Bay Area gay scientists honored"</a>. <i>Bay Area Reporter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bay+Area+Reporter&rft.atitle=Two+Bay+Area+gay+scientists+honored&rft.date=2007-02-22&rft.aulast=Cassell&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebar.com%2Fstory.php%3Fch%3Dnews%26sc%3D%26sc2%3D%26id%3D237708&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-auto-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.noglstp.org/publications-documents/announcements/2007-01-21-noglstp-to-honor-bertozzi-gill-mauzey-and-bannochie-at-2007-awards-ceremony-in-february/">"NOGLSTP to Honor Bertozzi, Gill, Mauzey, and Bannochie at 2007 Awards Ceremony in February"</a>. NOGLSTP<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOGLSTP+to+Honor+Bertozzi%2C+Gill%2C+Mauzey%2C+and+Bannochie+at+2007+Awards+Ceremony+in+February&rft.pub=NOGLSTP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.noglstp.org%2Fpublications-documents%2Fannouncements%2F2007-01-21-noglstp-to-honor-bertozzi-gill-mauzey-and-bannochie-at-2007-awards-ceremony-in-february%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-nobelprize-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobelprize_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobelprize_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/press-release/">"Press release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022"</a> (Press release). The Nobel Prize. October 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+release%3A+The+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+2022&rft.pub=The+Nobel+Prize&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F2022%2Fpress-release%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGrabowskiBertozziJacobsenJain1992" class="citation journal cs1">Grabowski, Joseph J.; Bertozzi, Carolyn R.; Jacobsen, John R.; Jain, Ahamindra; Marzluff, Elaine M.; Suh, Annie Y. (1992). "Fluorescence probes in biochemistry: An examination of the non-fluorescent behavior of dansylamide by photoacoustic calorimetry". <i><a href="/wiki/Analytical_Biochemistry" title="Analytical Biochemistry">Analytical Biochemistry</a></i>. <b>207</b> (2): 214–26. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0003-2697%2892%2990003-P">10.1016/0003-2697(92)90003-P</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1481973">1481973</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Fluorescence+probes+in+biochemistry%3A+An+examination+of+the+non-fluorescent+behavior+of+dansylamide+by+photoacoustic+calorimetry&rft.volume=207&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=214-26&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0003-2697%2892%2990003-P&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1481973&rft.aulast=Grabowski&rft.aufirst=Joseph+J.&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rft.au=Jacobsen%2C+John+R.&rft.au=Jain%2C+Ahamindra&rft.au=Marzluff%2C+Elaine+M.&rft.au=Suh%2C+Annie+Y.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:6-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/3xomins">"Oral history interview with Carolyn R. Bertozzi"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oral+history+interview+with+Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.sciencehistory.org%2Fworks%2F3xomins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-NIGMS_Bio-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIGMS_Bio_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171005223521/https://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/chemist_bertozzi.htm">"Meet Carolyn Bertozzi"</a>. NIGMS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/chemhealth/chemist_bertozzi.htm">the original</a> on October 5, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meet+Carolyn+Bertozzi&rft.pub=NIGMS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublications.nigms.nih.gov%2Fchemhealth%2Fchemist_bertozzi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHoulton2018" class="citation web cs1">Houlton, Sarah (January 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemistryworld.com/features/carolyn-bertozzi/3008380.article">"Carolyn Bertozzi"</a>. <i>Chemistry World</i>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Chemistry" title="Royal Society of Chemistry">Royal Society of Chemistry</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+World&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi&rft.date=2018-01-12&rft.aulast=Houlton&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chemistryworld.com%2Ffeatures%2Fcarolyn-bertozzi%2F3008380.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFStewart2017" class="citation web cs1">Stewart, Eric (March 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inchemistry.acs.org/content/inchemistry/en/acs-and-you/carolyn-bertozzi.html">"Carolyn Bertozzi' s Winding Road to an Extraordinary Career"</a>. <i>inChemistry</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Chemical_Society" title="American Chemical Society">American Chemical Society</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=inChemistry&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi%27+s+Winding+Road+to+an+Extraordinary+Career&rft.date=2017-03-27&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finchemistry.acs.org%2Fcontent%2Finchemistry%2Fen%2Facs-and-you%2Fcarolyn-bertozzi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBertozzi" class="citation thesis cs1">Bertozzi, Carolyn Ruth. <i>Synthesis and biological activity of carbon-linked glycosides</i> (Ph.D. thesis). <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/30660316">30660316</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ProQuest (identifier)">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/304068526">304068526</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Synthesis+and+biological+activity+of+carbon-linked+glycosides&rft.degree=Ph.D.&rft.inst=University+of+California%2C+Berkeley&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F30660316&rft.aulast=Bertozzi&rft.aufirst=Carolyn+Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Infectious-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Infectious_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Bertozzi: Infectious In Her Enthusiasm". <i><a href="/wiki/Chemical_%26_Engineering_News" title="Chemical & Engineering News">Chemical & Engineering News</a></i>. <b>78</b> (5): 26–35. January 31, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=Bertozzi%3A+Infectious+In+Her+Enthusiasm&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=26-35&rft.date=2000-01-31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200810095535/https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi">"Carolyn Bertozzi | Lemelson–MIT Program"</a>. <i>lemelson.mit.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lemelson.mit.edu/winners/carolyn-bertozzi">the original</a> on August 10, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lemelson.mit.edu&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi+%7C+Lemelson%E2%80%93MIT+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flemelson.mit.edu%2Fwinners%2Fcarolyn-bertozzi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAzvolunsky2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Azvolunsky, Anna (May 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-scientist.com/profile/carolyn-bertozzi-glycan-chemist-33453">"Carolyn Bertozzi: Glycan Chemist"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scientist_(magazine)" title="The Scientist (magazine)">The Scientist</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scientist&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi%3A+Glycan+Chemist&rft.date=2016-05-31&rft.aulast=Azvolunsky&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-scientist.com%2Fprofile%2Fcarolyn-bertozzi-glycan-chemist-33453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Davis-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Davis_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2010" class="citation journal cs1">Davis, T. (February 16, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2840349">"Profile of Carolyn Bertozzi"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. <b>107</b> (7): 2737–2739. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PNAS..107.2737D">2010PNAS..107.2737D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0914469107">10.1073/pnas.0914469107</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2840349">2840349</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20160128">20160128</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Profile+of+Carolyn+Bertozzi&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=2737-2739&rft.date=2010-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2840349%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20160128&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0914469107&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010PNAS..107.2737D&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2840349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Gardiner-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gardiner_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGardiner2005" class="citation journal cs1">Gardiner, Mary Beth (Winter 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hhmi.org/sites/default/files/Bulletin/2005/Winter/winter2005_fulltext.pdf">"The Right Chemistry"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>HHMI Bulletin</i>: 8–12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HHMI+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+Right+Chemistry&rft.ssn=winter&rft.pages=8-12&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Gardiner&rft.aufirst=Mary+Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hhmi.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FBulletin%2F2005%2FWinter%2Fwinter2005_fulltext.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-CHFBio-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CHFBio_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160712164415/http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/biomolecules/proteins-and-sugars/bertozzi.aspx">"Carolyn Bertozzi"</a>. <i>Chemical Heritage Foundation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/biomolecules/proteins-and-sugars/bertozzi.aspx">the original</a> on July 12, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Heritage+Foundation&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chemheritage.org%2Fdiscover%2Fonline-resources%2Fchemistry-in-history%2Fthemes%2Fbiomolecules%2Fproteins-and-sugars%2Fbertozzi.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSanders2022" class="citation news cs1">Sanders, Robert (October 5, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.berkeley.edu/2022/10/05/chemistry-nobelist-carolyn-bertozzis-years-at-uc-berkeley/">"Chemistry Nobelist Carolyn Bertozzi's years at UC Berkeley"</a>. <i>Berkeley News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berkeley+News&rft.atitle=Chemistry+Nobelist+Carolyn+Bertozzi%27s+years+at+UC+Berkeley&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.berkeley.edu%2F2022%2F10%2F05%2Fchemistry-nobelist-carolyn-bertozzis-years-at-uc-berkeley%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newscenter.lbl.gov/2022/10/05/carolyn-bertozzi-wins-2022-nobel-chemistry">"Former Berkeley Lab Scientist Carolyn Bertozzi Wins 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+Berkeley+Lab+Scientist+Carolyn+Bertozzi+Wins+2022+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewscenter.lbl.gov%2F2022%2F10%2F05%2Fcarolyn-bertozzi-wins-2022-nobel-chemistry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:2-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cen.acs.org/people/profiles/Carolyn-Bertozzis-glycorevolution/98/i5">"Carolyn Bertozzi's glycorevolution"</a>. <i>Chemical & Engineering News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi%27s+glycorevolution&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Fpeople%2Fprofiles%2FCarolyn-Bertozzis-glycorevolution%2F98%2Fi5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.invent.org/inductees/carolyn-bertozzi">"NIHF Inductee Carolyn Bertozzi Invented Bioorthogonal Chemistry"</a>. <i>www.invent.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.invent.org&rft.atitle=NIHF+Inductee+Carolyn+Bertozzi+Invented+Bioorthogonal+Chemistry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.invent.org%2Finductees%2Fcarolyn-bertozzi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSlettenBertozzi2011" class="citation journal cs1">Sletten, Ellen M.; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (September 20, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184615">"From Mechanism to Mouse: A Tale of Two Bioorthogonal Reactions"</a>. <i>Accounts of Chemical Research</i>. <b>44</b> (9): 666–676. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Far200148z">10.1021/ar200148z</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0001-4842">0001-4842</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184615">3184615</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21838330">21838330</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Accounts+of+Chemical+Research&rft.atitle=From+Mechanism+to+Mouse%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Bioorthogonal+Reactions&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=666-676&rft.date=2011-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3184615%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0001-4842&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21838330&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Far200148z&rft.aulast=Sletten&rft.aufirst=Ellen+M.&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3184615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSlettenBertozzi2009" class="citation journal cs1">Sletten, Ellen M.; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2864149">"Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality"</a>. <i>Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English</i>. <b>48</b> (38): 6974–6998. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fanie.200900942">10.1002/anie.200900942</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1433-7851">1433-7851</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2864149">2864149</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19714693">19714693</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Angewandte+Chemie+International+Edition+in+English&rft.atitle=Bioorthogonal+Chemistry%3A+Fishing+for+Selectivity+in+a+Sea+of+Functionality&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=38&rft.pages=6974-6998&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2864149%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1433-7851&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19714693&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fanie.200900942&rft.aulast=Sletten&rft.aufirst=Ellen+M.&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2864149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190806163551/https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm">"Carolyn R. Bertozzi"</a>. <i>bertozzigroup.stanford.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/bio.htm">the original</a> on August 6, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bertozzigroup.stanford.edu&rft.atitle=Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbertozzigroup.stanford.edu%2Fbio.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFXiaoWoodsVukojicicBertozzi2016" class="citation journal cs1">Xiao, Han; Woods, Elliot C.; Vukojicic, Petar; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (August 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5027407">"Precision glycocalyx editing as a strategy for cancer immunotherapy"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. <b>113</b> (37): 10304–10309. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016PNAS..11310304X">2016PNAS..11310304X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1608069113">10.1073/pnas.1608069113</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0027-8424">0027-8424</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5027407">5027407</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27551071">27551071</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Precision+glycocalyx+editing+as+a+strategy+for+cancer+immunotherapy&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=37&rft.pages=10304-10309&rft.date=2016-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5027407%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016PNAS..11310304X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27551071&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1608069113&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Han&rft.au=Woods%2C+Elliot+C.&rft.au=Vukojicic%2C+Petar&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5027407&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFKamarizaShiehEalandPeters2018" class="citation journal cs1">Kamariza, Mireille; Shieh, Peyton; Ealand, Christopher S.; Peters, Julian S.; Chu, Brian; Rodriguez-Rivera, Frances P.; Babu Sait, Mohammed R.; Treuren, William V.; Martinson, Neil; Kalscheuer, Rainer; Kana, Bavesh D. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5985656">"Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum with a solvatochromic trehalose probe"</a>. <i>Science Translational Medicine</i>. <b>10</b> (430): eaam6310. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscitranslmed.aam6310">10.1126/scitranslmed.aam6310</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1946-6242">1946-6242</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5985656">5985656</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29491187">29491187</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Translational+Medicine&rft.atitle=Rapid+detection+of+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+in+sputum+with+a+solvatochromic+trehalose+probe&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=430&rft.pages=eaam6310&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5985656%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1946-6242&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29491187&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscitranslmed.aam6310&rft.aulast=Kamariza&rft.aufirst=Mireille&rft.au=Shieh%2C+Peyton&rft.au=Ealand%2C+Christopher+S.&rft.au=Peters%2C+Julian+S.&rft.au=Chu%2C+Brian&rft.au=Rodriguez-Rivera%2C+Frances+P.&rft.au=Babu+Sait%2C+Mohammed+R.&rft.au=Treuren%2C+William+V.&rft.au=Martinson%2C+Neil&rft.au=Kalscheuer%2C+Rainer&rft.au=Kana%2C+Bavesh+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5985656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBertozzi" class="citation web cs1">Bertozzi, Carolyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/speakers/carolyn_bertozzi">"Carolyn Bertozzi | Speaker | TED"</a>. <i>www.ted.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ted.com&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Bertozzi+%7C+Speaker+%7C+TED&rft.aulast=Bertozzi&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ted.com%2Fspeakers%2Fcarolyn_bertozzi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-thios-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thios_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy2004" class="citation journal cs1">McCarthy, Alice A. (February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cell.com/cell-chemical-biology/pdf/S1074-5521(04)00040-7.pdf">"Thios Pharmaceuticals Targeting Sulfation Pathways"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Chemistry & Biology</i>. <b>11</b> (2): 147–148. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chembiol.2004.02.008">10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.02.008</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15123271">15123271</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+%26+Biology&rft.atitle=Thios+Pharmaceuticals+Targeting+Sulfation+Pathways&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=147-148&rft.date=2004-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.chembiol.2004.02.008&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15123271&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Alice+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fcell-chemical-biology%2Fpdf%2FS1074-5521%2804%2900040-7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inknowvation.com/sbir/companies/thios-pharmaceuticals">"Thios Pharmaceuticals | www.inknowvation.com"</a>. <i>www.inknowvation.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.inknowvation.com&rft.atitle=Thios+Pharmaceuticals+%7C+www.inknowvation.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inknowvation.com%2Fsbir%2Fcompanies%2Fthios-pharmaceuticals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-McCook-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McCook_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMcCook2013" class="citation news cs1">McCook, Alison (March 6, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/women-in-biotechnology-barred-from-the-boardroom/">"Women in Biotechnology: Barred from the Boardroom"</a>. <i>Scientific American</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=Women+in+Biotechnology%3A+Barred+from+the+Boardroom&rft.date=2013-03-06&rft.aulast=McCook&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fwomen-in-biotechnology-barred-from-the-boardroom%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:1-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ipira.berkeley.edu/redwood-bioscience-inc">"Redwood Bioscience Inc. | IPIRA"</a>. <i>ipira.berkeley.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ipira.berkeley.edu&rft.atitle=Redwood+Bioscience+Inc.+%7C+IPIRA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fipira.berkeley.edu%2Fredwood-bioscience-inc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-enable_hq-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-enable_hq_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enablebiosciences.com/contact">"Contact"</a>. Enable Biosciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Contact&rft.pub=Enable+Biosciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enablebiosciences.com%2Fcontact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-enable-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-enable_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ipira.berkeley.edu/enable-biosciences-inc">"Enable Biosciences, Inc. | IPIRA"</a>. <i>ipira.berkeley.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ipira.berkeley.edu&rft.atitle=Enable+Biosciences%2C+Inc.+%7C+IPIRA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fipira.berkeley.edu%2Fenable-biosciences-inc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190706121526/https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/">"Palleon Pharma – Leadership"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://palleonpharma.com/leadership/">the original</a> on July 6, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palleon+Pharma+%E2%80%93+Leadership&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpalleonpharma.com%2Fleadership%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.massbio.org/members/palleon-pharma/">"Palleon Pharma"</a>. <i>MassBio</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MassBio&rft.atitle=Palleon+Pharma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.massbio.org%2Fmembers%2Fpalleon-pharma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://intervenn.bio/">"InterVenn Biosciences | AI-Driven Mass Spectrometry"</a>. <i>intervenn.bio</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=intervenn.bio&rft.atitle=InterVenn+Biosciences+%7C+AI-Driven+Mass+Spectrometry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintervenn.bio%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022170634/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586">"Grace Science Foundation"</a>. <i>rarediseases.info.nih.gov</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/organizations/3586">the original</a> on October 22, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rarediseases.info.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Grace+Science+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frarediseases.info.nih.gov%2Forganizations%2F3586&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFDinkeleGessnerKochMorrow2019" class="citation journal cs1">Dinkele, Ryan; Gessner, Sophia; Koch, Anastasia S.; Morrow, Carl; Gqada, Melitta; Kamariza, Mireille; Bertozzi, Carolyn R.; Smith, Brian; McLoud, Courtney; Kamholz, Andrew; Bryden, Wayne (December 27, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.23.887729v1">"Capture and visualization of live Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli from tuberculosis bioaerosols"</a>. <i>bioRxiv</i>: 2019.12.23.887729. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1101%2F2019.12.23.887729">10.1101/2019.12.23.887729</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213539003">213539003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=bioRxiv&rft.atitle=Capture+and+visualization+of+live+Mycobacterium+tuberculosis+bacilli+from+tuberculosis+bioaerosols&rft.pages=2019.12.23.887729&rft.date=2019-12-27&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1101%2F2019.12.23.887729&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A213539003%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Dinkele&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.au=Gessner%2C+Sophia&rft.au=Koch%2C+Anastasia+S.&rft.au=Morrow%2C+Carl&rft.au=Gqada%2C+Melitta&rft.au=Kamariza%2C+Mireille&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn+R.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Brian&rft.au=McLoud%2C+Courtney&rft.au=Kamholz%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Bryden%2C+Wayne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biorxiv.org%2Fcontent%2F10.1101%2F2019.12.23.887729v1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBanikPedramWisnovskyRiley2019" class="citation journal cs1">Banik, Steven; Pedram, Kayvon; Wisnovsky, Simon; Riley, Nicholas; Bertozzi, Carolyn (November 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemrxiv.org/articles/Lysosome_Targeting_Chimeras_LYTACs_for_the_Degradation_of_Secreted_and_Membrane_Proteins/7927061">"Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) for the Degradation of Secreted and Membrane Proteins"</a>. <i>Figshare</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.26434%2Fchemrxiv.7927061.v2">10.26434/chemrxiv.7927061.v2</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213002729">213002729</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Figshare&rft.atitle=Lysosome+Targeting+Chimeras+%28LYTACs%29+for+the+Degradation+of+Secreted+and+Membrane+Proteins&rft.date=2019-11-20&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.26434%2Fchemrxiv.7927061.v2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A213002729%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Banik&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.au=Pedram%2C+Kayvon&rft.au=Wisnovsky%2C+Simon&rft.au=Riley%2C+Nicholas&rft.au=Bertozzi%2C+Carolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchemrxiv.org%2Farticles%2FLysosome_Targeting_Chimeras_LYTACs_for_the_Degradation_of_Secreted_and_Membrane_Proteins%2F7927061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:5-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_51-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_51-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.feinberg.northwestern.edu/2002/11/bertozzi_symposium/">"Dr. Bertozzi to Speak at Drug Discovery Symposium"</a>. <i>News Center</i>. November 4, 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News+Center&rft.atitle=Dr.+Bertozzi+to+Speak+at+Drug+Discovery+Symposium&rft.date=2002-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.feinberg.northwestern.edu%2F2002%2F11%2Fbertozzi_symposium%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Korte-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Korte_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Korte_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFKorte2022" class="citation news cs1">Korte, Andrea (October 5, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-fellows-carolyn-bertozzi-and-k-barry-sharpless-receive-nobel-prize-chemistry?et_rid=162180701&et_cid=4466269">"AAAS Fellows Carolyn Bertozzi and K. Barry Sharpless Receive Nobel Prize in Chemistry | American Association for the Advancement of Science"</a>. <i>American Association for the Advancement of Science</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft.atitle=AAAS+Fellows+Carolyn+Bertozzi+and+K.+Barry+Sharpless+Receive+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+%7C+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2Fnews%2Faaas-fellows-carolyn-bertozzi-and-k-barry-sharpless-receive-nobel-prize-chemistry%3Fet_rid%3D162180701%26et_cid%3D4466269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/bioorganic-and-medicinal-chemistry-letters/vol/21/issue/17">"Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters | Tetrahedron Young Investigator Award 2011: Carolyn R. Bertozzi | ScienceDirect.com"</a>. <i>www.sciencedirect.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sciencedirect.com&rft.atitle=Bioorganic+%26+Medicinal+Chemistry+Letters+%7C+Tetrahedron+Young+Investigator+Award+2011%3A+Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi+%7C+ScienceDirect.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fjournal%2Fbioorganic-and-medicinal-chemistry-letters%2Fvol%2F21%2Fissue%2F17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140702042822/http://www.heinrich-wieland-preis.de/index/getnews/id/15">"Heinrich Wieland Prize 2012 goes to Carolyn R. Bertozzi"</a>. Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation. October 18, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heinrich-wieland-preis.de/index/getnews/id/15">the original</a> on July 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heinrich+Wieland+Prize+2012+goes+to+Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi&rft.pub=Boehringer+Ingelheim+Foundation&rft.date=2012-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heinrich-wieland-preis.de%2Findex%2Fgetnews%2Fid%2F15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solvay.com/en/innovation/encourage-science/chemistry-future-solvay-prize/2020-laureate">"Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize – The 2020 Laureate"</a>. <i>Solvay</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solvay&rft.atitle=Chemistry+for+the+Future+Solvay+Prize+%E2%80%93+The+2020+Laureate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.solvay.com%2Fen%2Finnovation%2Fencourage-science%2Fchemistry-future-solvay-prize%2F2020-laureate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wolffund.org.il/2022/02/08/carolyn-r-bertozzi/">"Carolyn R. Bertozzi"</a>. February 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi&rft.date=2022-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwolffund.org.il%2F2022%2F02%2F08%2Fcarolyn-r-bertozzi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theheinekencompany.com/newsroom/winners-of-heineken-prizes-2022-announced/">"Winners of Heineken Prizes 2022 announced"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Heineken" title="Heineken">Heineken</a>. June 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Winners+of+Heineken+Prizes+2022+announced&rft.pub=Heineken&rft.date=2022-06-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theheinekencompany.com%2Fnewsroom%2Fwinners-of-heineken-prizes-2022-announced%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dicksonprize.pitt.edu/recipients/2022-bertozzi.php">Dickson Prize 2022</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://welch1.org/awards/welch-award-in-chemistry">"Welch Award in Chemistry"</a>. <i>Welch</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Welch&rft.atitle=Welch+Award+in+Chemistry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwelch1.org%2Fawards%2Fwelch-award-in-chemistry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uu.nl/en/news/bijvoet-medals-awarded-to-carolyn-bertozzi-and-vishva-dixit">"Bijvoet Medals awarded to Carolyn Bertozzi and Vishva Dixit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht University</a>. October 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bijvoet+Medals+awarded+to+Carolyn+Bertozzi+and+Vishva+Dixit&rft.pub=Utrecht+University&rft.date=2022-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uu.nl%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fbijvoet-medals-awarded-to-carolyn-bertozzi-and-vishva-dixit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Jilani-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jilani_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFJilani2022" class="citation news cs1">Jilani, Zaid (February 10, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/news/carolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%7CMCORGID%3D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1667060068">"Carolyn R. Bertozzi Wins 2022 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award | American Association for the Advancement of Science"</a>. <i>American Association for the Advancement of Science</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft.atitle=Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi+Wins+2022+AAAS+Lifetime+Mentor+Award+%7C+American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft.date=2022-02-10&rft.aulast=Jilani&rft.aufirst=Zaid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2Fnews%2Fcarolyn-r-bertozzi-wins-2022-aaas-lifetime-mentor-award%3Fadobe_mc%3DMCMID%253D83613660772200808932157120907812278803%257CMCORGID%253D242B6472541199F70A4C98A6%252540AdobeOrg%257CTS%253D1667060068&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.organicdivision.org/adamsaward/">"Roger Adams Award"</a>. <i>www.organicdivision.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.organicdivision.org&rft.atitle=Roger+Adams+Award&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.organicdivision.org%2Fadamsaward%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aacr.org/about-the-aacr/newsroom/news-releases/nobel-laureate-carolyn-r-bertozzi-phd-to-receive-2023-aacr-award-for-outstanding-achievement-in-chemistry-in-cancer-research/">"Nobel Laureate Carolyn R. Bertozzi, PhD, to Receive 2023 AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry in Cancer Research"</a>. <i>American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Association+for+Cancer+Research+%28AACR%29&rft.atitle=Nobel+Laureate+Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi%2C+PhD%2C+to+Receive+2023+AACR+Award+for+Outstanding+Achievement+in+Chemistry+in+Cancer+Research&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aacr.org%2Fabout-the-aacr%2Fnewsroom%2Fnews-releases%2Fnobel-laureate-carolyn-r-bertozzi-phd-to-receive-2023-aacr-award-for-outstanding-achievement-in-chemistry-in-cancer-research%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/bostonglobe/name/norma-bertozzi-obituary?id=30733422">"NORMA GLORIA BERTOZZI Obituary (2021) Boston Globe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Legacy.com" title="Legacy.com">Legacy.com</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Legacy.com&rft.atitle=NORMA+GLORIA+BERTOZZI+Obituary+%282021%29+Boston+Globe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legacy.com%2Fus%2Fobituaries%2Fbostonglobe%2Fname%2Fnorma-bertozzi-obituary%3Fid%3D30733422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lavocedinewyork.com/en/news/2022/10/05/italian-american-scientist-carolyn-bertozzi-wins-the-nobel-prize-in-chemistry">"Italian American Scientist Carolyn Bertozzi Wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry"</a>. October 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Italian+American+Scientist+Carolyn+Bertozzi+Wins+the+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flavocedinewyork.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2F2022%2F10%2F05%2Fitalian-american-scientist-carolyn-bertozzi-wins-the-nobel-prize-in-chemistry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-UCLA-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UCLA_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.math.ucla.edu/~bertozzi/">"UCLA Math Department Faculty"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCLA+Math+Department+Faculty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.math.ucla.edu%2F~bertozzi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/bertozzi_william.html">"MIT Physics Department Faculty"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MIT+Physics+Department+Faculty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mit.edu%2Fphysics%2Fpeople%2Ffaculty%2Fbertozzi_william.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFNavals2022" class="citation journal cs1">Navals, Pauline (April 5, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/One-on-one-with-Carolyn-Bertozzi/100/i12">"ONE ON ONE WITH CAROLYN BERTOZZI"</a>. <i>Chemical & Engineering News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=ONE+ON+ONE+WITH+CAROLYN+BERTOZZI&rft.date=2022-04-05&rft.aulast=Navals&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Fbiological-chemistry%2FOne-on-one-with-Carolyn-Bertozzi%2F100%2Fi12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolyn_Bertozzi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Scholia" class="extiw" title="d:Wikidata:Scholia">Scholia</a> has a profile for <a href="https://iw.toolforge.org/scholia/Q7442" class="extiw" title="toolforge:scholia/Q7442"><b>Carolyn Bertozzi <small>(Q7442)</small></b></a>.</div></div>
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<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bertozzigroup.stanford.edu/">Official website</a></span></span> of Bertozzi Research Group</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/talks/carolyn_bertozzi_what_the_sugar_coating_on_your_cells_is_trying_to_tell_you/up-next">What the sugar coating on your cells is trying to tell you</a> – TED Talk</li></ul>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carolyn_Bertozzi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Carolyn Bertozzi">Carolyn Bertozzi</a></span>.</div></div>
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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/1015">Carolyn Bertozzi</a> on Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7442#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oa.mg/author/A2248816173">Bertozzi's</a> <i>et al.</i> publication list</li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHardcastle2023" class="citation journal cs1">Hardcastle M (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9910447">"QnAs with Carolyn R. Bertozzi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</a></i>. <b>120</b> (1): e2220665120. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023PNAS..12020665H">2023PNAS..12020665H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.2220665120">10.1073/pnas.2220665120</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9910447">9910447</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36584297">36584297</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=QnAs+with+Carolyn+R.+Bertozzi&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=e2220665120&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9910447%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36584297&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.2220665120&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2023PNAS..12020665H&rft.aulast=Hardcastle&rft.aufirst=M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9910447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarolyn+Bertozzi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
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class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alanna_Schepartz" title="Alanna Schepartz">Alanna Schepartz</a> (2010)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Schreiber" title="Stuart Schreiber">Stuart Schreiber</a> (2011)</li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carolyn Bertozzi</a> (2012)</li>
<li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_A._van_der_Donk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfred A. van der Donk (page does not exist)">Wilfred A. van der Donk</a> (2013)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Peter_B._Dervan" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter B. Dervan">Peter B. Dervan</a> (2014)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kevan_Shokat" title="Kevan Shokat">Kevan Shokat</a> (2015)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Schultz" title="Peter G. Schultz">Peter G. Schultz</a> (2016)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Cravatt_III" title="Benjamin Cravatt III">Benjamin Cravatt III</a> (2017)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Wells" title="James A. Wells">James A. Wells</a> (2018)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_2018" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FRS_2018" title="Template:FRS 2018"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FRS_2018" title="Template talk:FRS 2018"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FRS_2018" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FRS 2018"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_2018" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellows</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> elected <a href="/wiki/List_of_fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_2018" title="List of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 2018">in 2018</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fellows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Al-Khalili" title="Jim Al-Khalili">Jim Al-Khalili</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Polly_Arnold" title="Polly Arnold">Polly Arnold</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jillian_Banfield" title="Jillian Banfield">Jillian Banfield</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Brimble" title="Margaret Brimble">Margaret Brimble</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Brockdorff" title="Neil Brockdorff">Neil Brockdorff</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Caruso_(chemical_engineer)" title="Frank Caruso (chemical engineer)">Frank Caruso</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Cerundolo" title="Vincenzo Cerundolo">Vincenzo Cerundolo</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Costello" title="Kevin Costello">Kevin Costello</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Crabtree" title="Robert H. Crabtree">Robert Crabtree</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Dawid" title="Philip Dawid">Philip Dawid</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Dayan" title="Peter Dayan">Peter Dayan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dixon_(biologist)" title="Richard Dixon (biologist)">Richard Dixon</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Edgecombe" title="Gregory Edgecombe">Gregory Edgecombe</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wenfei_Fan" title="Wenfei Fan">Wenfei Fan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Roger_S._Goody" title="Roger S. Goody">Roger Goody</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Grimes" title="Robin Grimes">Robin Grimes</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Hannon" title="Gregory Hannon">Gregory Hannon</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Hirst" title="Judy Hirst">Judy Hirst</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Graeme_Jameson" title="Graeme Jameson">Graeme Jameson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Harren_Jhoti" title="Harren Jhoti">Harren Jhoti</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sophien_Kamoun" title="Sophien Kamoun">Sophien Kamoun</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_King_(neurophysiologist)" title="Andrew King (neurophysiologist)">Andrew King</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Kullmann" title="Dimitri Kullmann">Dimitri Kullmann</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Kwiatkowski" title="Dominic Kwiatkowski">Dominic Kwiatkowski</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Marais" title="Richard Marais">Richard Marais</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cathie_Martin" title="Cathie Martin">Cathie Martin</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Hearn" title="Peter O'Hearn">Peter O'Hearn</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Vassilis_Pachnis" title="Vassilis Pachnis">Vassilis Pachnis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Palmer" title="Tracy Palmer">Tracy Palmer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Prentice" title="Colin Prentice">Colin Prentice</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lalita_Ramakrishnan" title="Lalita Ramakrishnan">Lalita Ramakrishnan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reid" title="Nancy Reid">Nancy Reid</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Richards" title="Graham Richards">Graham Richards</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/David_Richardson_(physicist)" title="David Richardson (physicist)">David Richardson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Rowan_(physicist)" title="Sheila Rowan (physicist)">Sheila Rowan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Scheffer" title="Ingrid Scheffer">Ingrid Scheffer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Simmons" title="Michelle Simmons">Michelle Simmons</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Smol" title="John Smol">John Smol</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Softley" title="Timothy Softley">Timothy Softley</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Speakman" title="John Speakman">John Speakman</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Graeme_Stephens" title="Graeme Stephens">Graeme Stephens</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Strank" title="Angela Strank">Angela Strank</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swanton" title="Charles Swanton">Charles Swanton</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Visscher" title="Peter Visscher">Peter Visscher</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Wilkinson_(physicist)" title="Guy Wilkinson (physicist)">Guy Wilkinson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Geordie_Williamson" title="Geordie Williamson">Geordie Williamson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Wise_(mathematician)" title="Daniel Wise (mathematician)">Daniel Wise</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Zheludev" title="Nikolay Zheludev">Nikolay Zheludev</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Honorary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Willetts" title="David Willetts">David Willetts</a> (Baron Willetts of Havant)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carolyn Bertozzi</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sebsebe_Demissew" title="Sebsebe Demissew">Sebsebe Demissew</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_M._Friedman" title="Jeffrey M. Friedman">Jeffrey Friedman</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fabiola_Gianotti" title="Fabiola Gianotti">Fabiola Gianotti</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Hofmann" title="Albrecht Hofmann">Albrecht Hofmann</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tullio_Pozzan" title="Tullio Pozzan">Tullio Pozzan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Sauer" title="Joachim Sauer">Joachim Sauer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shamir" title="Adi Shamir">Adi Shamir</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1901: <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus van 't Hoff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1902: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Fischer" title="Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1903: <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1904: <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1905: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Henri Moissan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1907: <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Eduard Buchner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1908: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1909: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Wilhelm Ostwald</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1910: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Otto Wallach</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1911: <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1912: <a href="/wiki/Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Victor Grignard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sabatier_(chemist)" title="Paul Sabatier (chemist)">Paul Sabatier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1913: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Alfred Werner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1914: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Theodore Richards</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1915: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Richard Willstätter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1916</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1917</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1918: <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1919</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1920: <a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1921: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Francis Aston</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1923: <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Fritz Pregl</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1924</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1925: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Adolf_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Adolf Zsigmondy">Richard Zsigmondy</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Svedberg" title="Theodor Svedberg">Theodor Svedberg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1927: <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Otto_Wieland" title="Heinrich Otto Wieland">Heinrich Wieland</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1928: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Windaus" title="Adolf Windaus">Adolf Windaus</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Arthur Harden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">Hans von Euler-Chelpin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Fischer" title="Hans Fischer">Hans Fischer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Carl Bosch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Friedrich Bergius</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Irving Langmuir</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1933</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Urey" title="Harold Urey">Harold Urey</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Irène Joliot-Curie</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Haworth" title="Norman Haworth">Norman Haworth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Paul Karrer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Ru%C5%BEi%C4%8Dka" title="Leopold Ružička">Leopold Ružička</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1940</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1941</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1942</span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Artturi_Ilmari_Virtanen" title="Artturi Ilmari Virtanen">Artturi Virtanen</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/James_B._Sumner" title="James B. Sumner">James B. Sumner</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Northrop" title="John Howard Northrop">John Northrop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Wendell Meredith Stanley</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson_(chemist)" title="Robert Robinson (chemist)">Robert Robinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Arne Tiselius</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/William_Giauque" title="William Giauque">William Giauque</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Otto Diels</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Kurt Alder</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">Edwin McMillan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Glenn T. Seaborg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Archer_Martin" title="Archer Martin">Archer Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Laurence_Millington_Synge" title="Richard Laurence Millington Synge">Richard Synge</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Hermann Staudinger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vincent du Vigneaud</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Norman_Hinshelwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyril Norman Hinshelwood">Cyril Hinshelwood</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Semyonov" title="Nikolay Semyonov">Nikolay Semyonov</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd">Alexander Todd</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Max Perutz</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">John Kendrew</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Giulio Natta</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Hodgkin">Dorothy Hodgkin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Mulliken" title="Robert S. Mulliken">Robert S. Mulliken</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Manfred Eigen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ronald_George_Wreyford_Norrish" title="Ronald George Wreyford Norrish">Ronald Norrish</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Porter" title="George Porter">George Porter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Barton" title="Derek Barton">Derek Barton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Odd Hassel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Luis Federico Leloir</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Gerhard Herzberg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Christian_B._Anfinsen" title="Christian B. Anfinsen">Christian B. Anfinsen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Stanford Moore</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Stein" title="William Howard Stein">William Stein</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">Ernst Otto Fischer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Geoffrey Wilkinson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Paul Flory</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/John_Cornforth" title="John Cornforth">John Cornforth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Vladimir Prelog</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">William Lipscomb</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Mitchell" title="Peter D. Mitchell">Peter D. Mitchell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_C._Brown" title="Herbert C. Brown">Herbert C. Brown</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Georg Wittig</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Kenichi_Fukui" title="Kenichi Fukui">Kenichi Fukui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Aaron Klug</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Henry Taube</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">Robert Merrifield</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Hauptman" title="Herbert A. Hauptman">Herbert A. Hauptman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle">Jerome Karle</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Dudley_R._Herschbach" title="Dudley R. Herschbach">Dudley R. Herschbach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Yuan T. Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Polanyi" title="John Polanyi">John Polanyi</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Cram" title="Donald J. Cram">Donald J. Cram</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Jean-Marie Lehn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Pedersen" title="Charles J. Pedersen">Charles J. Pedersen</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Johann Deisenhofer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Robert Huber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Hartmut Michel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Thomas Cech</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias Corey</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard R. Ernst</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_A._Marcus" title="Rudolph A. Marcus">Rudolph A. Marcus</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Kary Mullis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Smith_(chemist)" title="Michael Smith (chemist)">Michael Smith</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/George_Andrew_Olah" title="George Andrew Olah">George Olah</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Paul J. Crutzen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mario_Molina" title="Mario Molina">Mario Molina</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._Sherwood_Rowland" title="F. Sherwood Rowland">F. Sherwood Rowland</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Curl" title="Robert Curl">Robert Curl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Kroto" title="Harry Kroto">Harold Kroto</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Smalley" title="Richard Smalley">Richard Smalley</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Paul_D._Boyer" title="Paul D. Boyer">Paul D. Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_E._Walker" title="John E. Walker">John E. Walker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Jens Christian Skou</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Walter Kohn</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Pople" title="John Pople">John Pople</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Ahmed Zewail</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Heeger" title="Alan J. Heeger">Alan J. Heeger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">Alan MacDiarmid</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Hideki Shirakawa</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/William_Standish_Knowles" title="William Standish Knowles">William Knowles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Ryoji Noyori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">K. Barry Sharpless</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/John_B._Fenn" title="John B. Fenn">John B. Fenn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Koichi_Tanaka" title="Koichi Tanaka">Koichi Tanaka</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Peter Agre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a> / <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Irwin Rose</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Grubbs" title="Robert H. Grubbs">Robert H. Grubbs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Schrock" title="Richard R. Schrock">Richard R. Schrock</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Yves Chauvin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Roger_D._Kornberg" title="Roger D. Kornberg">Roger D. Kornberg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Y._Tsien" title="Roger Y. Tsien">Roger Y. Tsien</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Venki_Ramakrishnan" title="Venki Ramakrishnan">Venkatraman Ramakrishnan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Steitz" title="Thomas A. Steitz">Thomas A. Steitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada E. Yonath</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Heck" title="Richard F. Heck">Richard F. Heck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Dan Shechtman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Brian Kobilka</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt" title="Michael Levitt">Michael Levitt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Eric Betzig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_E._Moerner" title="William E. Moerner">William E. Moerner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_L._Modrich" title="Paul L. Modrich">Paul L. Modrich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Sancar" title="Aziz Sancar">Aziz Sancar</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Sauvage" title="Jean-Pierre Sauvage">Jean-Pierre Sauvage</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Stoddart" title="Fraser Stoddart">Fraser Stoddart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Feringa" title="Ben Feringa">Ben Feringa</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dubochet" title="Jacques Dubochet">Jacques Dubochet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Frank" title="Joachim Frank">Joachim Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henderson_(biologist)" title="Richard Henderson (biologist)">Richard Henderson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Smith_(chemist)" title="George Smith (chemist)">George Smith</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / <a href="/wiki/M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">M. Stanley Whittingham</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/David_MacMillan" title="David MacMillan">David MacMillan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_List" title="Benjamin List">Benjamin List</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carolyn R. Bertozzi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Morten P. Meldal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Moungi_Bawendi" title="Moungi Bawendi">Moungi G. Bawendi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Ekimov" title="Alexey Ekimov">Alexei I. Ekimov</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2022_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2022_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2022 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2022_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:2022 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2022_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2022 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2022_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2022 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carolyn Bertozzi</a> (United States)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Morten P. Meldal</a> (Denmark)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a> (United States)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2022 Nobel Prize in Literature">2022</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Ernaux" title="Annie Ernaux">Annie Ernaux</a> (France)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> (<a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2022 Nobel Peace Prize">2022</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ales_Bialiatski" title="Ales Bialiatski">Ales Bialiatski</a> (Belarus)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_(society)" title="Memorial (society)">Memorial</a> (Russia)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Civil_Liberties_(human_rights_organization)" title="Center for Civil Liberties (human rights organization)">Center for Civil Liberties</a> (Ukraine)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Alain Aspect</a> (France)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">John Clauser</a> (United States)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Anton Zeilinger</a> (Austria)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a> (<a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">2022</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a> (Sweden)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a> (<a href="/wiki/2022_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2022</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (United States)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Diamond" title="Douglas Diamond">Douglas Diamond</a> (United States)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Philip_H._Dybvig" title="Philip H. Dybvig">Philip H. Dybvig</a> (United States)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2017_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2017 Nobel Prize winners">2017</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2018_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2018 Nobel Prize winners">2018</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2019_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2019 Nobel Prize winners">2019</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2020_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2020 Nobel Prize winners">2020</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2021_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2021 Nobel Prize winners">2021</a></dd>
<dd><b>2022 </b></dd>
<dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2023_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2023 Nobel Prize winners">2023</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:2024_Nobel_Prize_winners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:2024 Nobel Prize winners (page does not exist)">2024</a></dd></dl>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7442#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7442#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7442#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/462038/">FAST</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110213091">ISNI</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/12522617">VIAF</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/3005864">Norway</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14424895h">France</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14424895h">BnF data</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1172571600">Germany</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2001004919">United States</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9812842582205606">Poland</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA16818307?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/198/6199">DBLP</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=spPztUEAAAAJ">Google Scholar</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leopoldina.org/mitgliederverzeichnis/mitglieder/member/Member/show/carolyn-bertozzi/">Leopoldina</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Carolyn Bertozzi"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-2754">ORCID</a></span></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/b3d55acd-5d00-4adb-90bb-be86aa806fde">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/074531921">IdRef</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1714241462' |
